Selective Oxidation of Styrene on Nanostructured Cerium Vanadate Catalyst

Abstract

Growing demand for benzaldehyde in recent years has prompted researchers to explore an environmentally sustainable process to synthesize it from abundant materials to replace the conventional toluene chlorination method. In that direction, benzaldehyde synthesis from the catalytic oxidative cleavage of styrene is attractive, as styrene is cheap and millions of tons are produced per year. Herein, cerium vanadate (CeVO4) is demonstrated as an outstanding catalyst for the synthesis of benzaldehyde from styrene oxidation at 80 °C. The particle-shaped (CeV NP), rod-shaped (CeV NR), and bar-shaped (CeV NB) nanostructured CeVO4 (CeV) are synthesized by varying the surfactants. All the catalysts exhibit favorable properties such as high surface area, surface charge, acidity, and oxygen vacancy, which are correlated to their catalytic performance. Among the morphologies, CeV NP shows the highest styrene conversion (99.5%) along with the highest benzaldehyde selectivity (84.2%). The nonleaching of catalyst further confirms the heterogeneous reaction process, which makes it a strong candidate for industrial purposes.

3D Lanthanide Neodymium Porphyrin Metal–Organic Framework for Photocatalytic Oxidation of Styrene

“…According to previous literature, the mechanism of styrene oxidation with TBHP as an oxidant is categorized into the free radical mechanism and the formation of metal alkyl peroxy complexes . To investigate the mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation, we conducted a series of experiments.…”

“…According to previous literature, the mechanism of styrene oxidation with TBHP as an oxidant is categorized into the free radical mechanism 62 and the formation of metal alkyl peroxy complexes. 63 To investigate the mechanism of photocatalytic oxidation, we conducted a series of experiments. When a pbenzoquinone radical scavenger was added to the reaction system, the styrene conversion rate decreased sharply, indicating that the reaction involved a free radical reaction mechanism (Figure 13).…”

Biomedical applications of cerium vanadate nanoparticles: a review

“…Different shapes of CeVO 4 NPs, such as particle-shaped, rod-shaped, and bar-shaped, have been synthesized using different surfactants, and their catalytic performance has been correlated with their surface properties. 25 In addition to their catalytic applications, CeVO 4 NPs synthesized using plant extracts have also shown potential antimicrobial activity. Plant extracts have been evaluated for their antimicrobial properties against beta-lactam-resistant bacteria, and the results have demonstrated broad-spectrum activity against various bacteria.…”

“…Vacant oxygen sites in the CeVO 4 crystal structure also contributed significantly to the 'catalytic activity of the material. 25 3.1.5. Microwave-assisted synthesis.…”

“…The varying morphologies of cerium oxide nanoparticles could be advantageous in multifunctional systems, allowing for different cargo types and release kinetics than those of CeVO 4 NPs, which may excel in applications where a specific, uniform structure is essential. 25,26 Therefore, this study will aid in the development of better cerium-based nanoparticle designs and applications, leading to breakthroughs in biomedical technology and personalised medicine.…”