Selective separation of α-tocopherol using eco-friendly choline chloride – Based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) via liquid-liquid extraction

Mohammadi, Behrouz; Shekaari, Hemayat; Zafarani-Moattar, Mohammed Taghi

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126317

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Selective separations of synthetic tocopherols mixtures (α-, β-, γ-and δ-tocopherol) by LLE using imidazole-based ILs have been reported where ILs strongly interact with tocopherol homologues, resulting in specific distribution trend [15]. Similar experiments conducted by Mohammadi et al (2021) also demonstrated selective separation of α-tocopherol using choline chloride-based DES in various solvents such as ethylene glycol, ethanolamine and sucrose; tocotrienols were not included [16]. In a separate study, the extraction of tocols (α-tocopherol and tocotrienols) from palm oil using imidazoliumbased ILs and choline-based DESs doubled the concentration of tocols in the product compared to that in control without ILs [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Selective Separation of Tocol Homologues by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Using Choline-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Numan

2022

Trends Sci

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In this paper we examined the potential of choline-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) for selective extraction of tocol homologues from crude palm oil (CPO) through liquid-liquid extraction (LLE). Distribution of tocol homologues (α-tocopherol, α-, β, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol) presence in CPO when subjected to DES-assisted LLE has not been fully understood in the past. The effect of increasing the amount of DES on the distribution and selectivity of were investigated. It was found that tocol homologues were distributed in the order of their hydrophilic power, with tocols of higher polarity distributed more into the stripping phase compared to the less polar tocols. Distribution coefficients for α-tocopherol, α-, β, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol were 7.8, 13.1, 19.8, 22.1 and 29.6, respectively, when equal weight of CPO and choline chloride-malonic acid eutectic mixture (DES1) were used. The distribution of each tocol homologues also increased with increasing DES1, due to the increase in polarity of the stripping phase that attracted more tocols. Selectivity of δ-tocotrienol, which is the most polar tocol, was always higher than other homologues (α-tocopherol: 3.81, α-tocotrienol: 2.22, β-tocotrienol: 1.50, γ-tocotrienol: 1.34). Role of hydrophilic power of the tocols using selected DESs to selectively separate tocol homologues established in this paper has a potential for palm oil industry as tocotrienols are better antioxidants, thus more favorable, than α-tocopherol. HIGHLIGHTS Tocopherols and tocotrienols in palm oil products are usually extracted for nutritional capsules and dietary products formulations using high-end techniques which are costly. Liquid-liquid extraction is a cheap technique which can be carried out at ambient conditions but with low selectivity A series of choline-based eutectic solvents, a new generation of green chemicals, were formulated for targeted separation of, specifically five tocol homologues present in crude palm oil; α-tocopherol, α-, β-, γ-, and δ-tocotrienol Unique combination of the eutectic solvents and liquid-liquid extraction resulted in selective separation of tocol homologues depending on the polarity of the tocols. Tocotrienols, having higher polarity and better antioxidative power than tocopherols, can be selectively extracted with the right deep eutectic solvents made from choline chloride, malonic acid, and citric acid GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Selective Separation of Tocol Homologues by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Using Choline-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Numan

2022

Trends Sci

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“…A total of 18,525 mg of tocopherols per kg of sample were able to be isolated with this method. Choline chloride with sucrose, ethylene glycol, and ethanolamine were used in the LLE of α-tocopherols by the team of Mohammadi et al [101]. α-, γ-, and δ-tocopherols were able to be extracted from soybean oil deodorizer distillate by Liu et al [102] with phenolic DES, ChCl with p-cresol.…”

Section: Pharmaceutical Compounds and Preservativesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Applications of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Sample Preparation and Extraction of Organic Molecules

Plastiras

Samanidou

2022

Molecules

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The use of deep eutectic solvents (DES) is on the rise worldwide because of the astounding properties they offer, such as simplicity of synthesis and utilization, low-cost, and environmental friendliness, which can, without a doubt, replace conventional solvents used in heaps. In this review, the focus will be on the usage of DES in extracting a substantial variety of organic compounds from different sample matrices, which not only exhibit great results but surpass the analytical performance of conventional solvents. Moreover, the properties of the most commonly used DES will be summarized.

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“…The difference in their hydrogen-bonding acidities, which decrease as δ-tocopherol > β-and γ-tocopherol > α-tocopherol, provides the possibility for the selective separation of α-tocopherol from the homologues [45,46]. Many progresses on ILs and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) capable of achieving efficient separation of tocopherols have been made, but there are still difficulties in the subsequent separation pro-cess, which requires much energy consumption [37,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53]. It is necessary to design high-efficiency adsorbents to improve this difficult purification process.…”

Section: Selective Separation Of Tocopherol Homologuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Construction of anion-functionalized hypercrosslinked ionic porous polymers for efficient separation of bioactive molecules

Suo

Huang

et al. 2021

Sci. China Mater.

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Porous ionic polymers have demonstrated great potential for high-performance separation by the merits of their unique molecular recognition, but the preparation of anion-functionalized ionic polymers for the separation of bioactive molecules with highly similar structures remains a challenge. Here, through the facile Friedel-Crafts alkylation between benzylimidazole ionic liquids (ILs) and crosslinkers, several anion-functionalized hypercrosslinked ionic porous polymers (HIPs) are reported, which are well decorated with strongly basic carboxylate anions as well as feature tubular morphology and excellent thermal stability. High adsorption capacity (103.6 mg g −1 for tocopherol homologues) and selectivity (S β&γ/α , 4.26; S δ/α , 3.19) for bioactive compounds with high structural similarity have been realized, superior to those of commercial adsorbents, hypercrosslinked polymer without ILs, and HIPs with common ILs. This study manifests a new synthetic strategy and rational molecular design for functionalized adsorbents, as well as offers new opportunities to enable high-performance separation.

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Selective separation of α-tocopherol using eco-friendly choline chloride – Based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) via liquid-liquid extraction

Cited by 14 publications

References 33 publications

Selective Separation of Tocol Homologues by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Using Choline-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Selective Separation of Tocol Homologues by Liquid-Liquid Extraction Using Choline-Based Deep Eutectic Solvents

Applications of Deep Eutectic Solvents in Sample Preparation and Extraction of Organic Molecules

Construction of anion-functionalized hypercrosslinked ionic porous polymers for efficient separation of bioactive molecules

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