Selective Versus Nonselective Losses in Glaucoma

Johnson, Chris

doi:10.1097/00061198-199400321-00005

Cited by 131 publications

(118 citation statements)

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“…These psychophysical testing methods have been designed to selectively stimulate a specific visual pathway system, which may be prone to early glaucomatous damage and be of limited redundancy. 26 Some studies have reported nonselective RGCs loss in glaucomatous eyes; 27 however, numerous studies have shown that VF testing of specific RGC subpopulations can be more sensitive than SAP in the early detection of glaucoma due to reduced RGCs redundancy. [10][11][12]27 Numerous studies have shown that SWAP and FDT are able to detect VF loss before SAP and predict the progression and morphology of future SAP VF defects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Some studies have reported nonselective RGCs loss in glaucomatous eyes; 27 however, numerous studies have shown that VF testing of specific RGC subpopulations can be more sensitive than SAP in the early detection of glaucoma due to reduced RGCs redundancy. [10][11][12]27 Numerous studies have shown that SWAP and FDT are able to detect VF loss before SAP and predict the progression and morphology of future SAP VF defects. 5,14,15,28 Pulsar perimetry and FDT use a similar counterphase flickering grating stimulus with high temporal frequency.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Non-conventional perimetric methods in the detection of early glaucomatous functional damage

Salvetat

Zeppieri

Tosoni

et al. 2009

Eye

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Purpose To compare the ability of frequencydoubling technology (FDT), rarebit perimetry (RBP), and pulsar perimetry (PP) in detecting early glaucomatous functional damage. Methods This prospective observational cross-sectional case study included 52 patients with early primary open-angle glaucoma (mean deviation À2.3 ± 1.1 dB; pattern standard deviation 3.0±1.2 dB) and 53 healthy controls. Visual field (VF) testing included standard automated perimetry (SAP) Humphrey Field Analyzer 30-2, FDT N-30, RBP (version 4.0), and PP T30W. One eye per patient was considered. Sensitivity at fixed specificities and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AROC) for discriminating between healthy and glaucomatous eyes were calculated and compared. Results The parameters associated with the largest AROC, which were not statistically different (Hanley-McNeil method, P 0.42-0.71) were as follows: number of locations in the pattern deviation probability (PDP) plot with Po5% for FDT (0.93); mean hit rate for RBP (0.95); and mean defect for PP (0.94). PP test duration was significantly shorter than FDT and RBP (Po0.002). Conclusions FDT, PP, and RBP are useful non-conventional VF methods in detecting early glaucomatous VF defects with similar AROCs. The methods were rapid and easy, and PP took less than half the time than SAP. These non-conventional testing may prove to be useful in providing additional information in the diagnosis of glaucoma suspect with normal SAP results, in the therapeutic decision-making process of early glaucomatous patients, and in subjects unable to perform VF testing with SAP.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-conventional perimetric methods in the detection of early glaucomatous functional damage

Salvetat

Zeppieri

Tosoni

et al. 2009

Eye

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“…This requirement is relevant because, according to the minimal-redundancy principle, the detection of early functional losses is more likely to be successful when the test employed is selective for a given mechanism (though which mechanism may be unimportant) than when it is not selective. 30 Of course, evidence supporting the diagnostic usefulness of the chromatic contrast sensitivity functions can be found in the literature 2,[6][7][8][9][10][11][14][15] (Burr D, et al IOVS 2003;44: ARVO E-Abstract 3193) but their use in everyday clinical practice is basically negligible. In the third and last place, when contrast sensitivity measures are made, the spatio-temporal characteristics of the stimuli are usually too restrictive.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal Contrast Sensitivity in the Cardinal Directions of the Colour Space. A Review

Dı́ez-Ajenjo

Capilla

2010

Journal of Optometry

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We review the psychophysics of the spatio-temporal contrast sensitivity in the cardinal directions of the colour space and their correlation with those neural characteristics of the visual system that limit the ability to perform contrast detection or pattern-resolution tasks. We focus our attention particularly on the influence of luminance level, spatial extent and spatial location of the stimuli -factors that determine the characteristics of the physiological mechanisms underlying detection. Optical factors do obviously play a role, but we will refer to them only briefly. Contrast sensitivity measurements are often used in clinical practice as a method to detect, at their early stages, a variety of pathologies affecting the visual system, but their usefulness is very limited due to several reasons. We suggest some considerations about stimuli characteristics that should be taken into account in order to improve the performance of this kind of measurement. RESUMENSe revisa la psicofísica sobre la sensibilidad al contraste con patrones espacio-temporales en las direcciones cardinales del espacio de color y su relación con las características neuronales del sistema visual que limitan la habilidad para realizar una tarea de detección de contraste o de resolución de patrones. La atención se centra especialmente en la influencia del nivel de luminancia, el tamaño y la localización espacial de los estímulos, en la medida que estos son los factores más importantes que determinan las características de los mecanismos fisiológicos que median la detección. Obviamente, los factores ópti-cos también juegan un papel en el conjunto del sistema visual, pero nos referiremos a ellos sólo brevemente. Las medidas de sensibilidad al contraste son a menudo usadas en clínica como método para detectar, en un estado temprano, una amplia variedad de patologías del sistema visual, pero su utilidad en la práctica es bastante limitada por diferentes razones. Sugerimos que ciertas consideraciones sobre los estímulos deberían ser tenidas en cuenta si se quiere mejorar las prestaciones actuales de este tipo de medidas. (J Optom 2010;3:2-19 ©2010 Consejo General de Colegios de Ópticos-Optometristas de España) PALABRAS CLAVE: sensibilidad al contraste; patrones espacio-temporales; espacio de color; direcciones cardinales; caminos visuales. INTRODUCTIONDuring the last three decades, the possibility of early detection of a variety of pathologies affecting the visual system by means of the measurement of spatial and temporal contrast sensitivity functions -CSFs-has been thoroughly explored. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] (Burr D, et al. IOVS 2003;44: ARVO E-Abstract 3193). It has been shown, however, that the usefulness of these functions is rather limited in practice, for several reasons. In the first place, measurements are often limited to the fovea, whilst anatomical damage and functional loss frequently begin outside this region [see, for example, F. Rowe's book 17 ]. In fact, different perimetry technique...

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“…[21][22][23][24][25][26] More recently, it has been proposed that the ability of tasks that assess M and K pathway function to more readily detect early visual field loss may arise from the minimal neural redundancy in these pathways. 27 There are far fewer M-and K-neurons than P (the retinal ganglion cell population comprises approximately 80 per cent P, 10 per cent M and five to 10 per cent K), hence M and K cells are sparsely distributed. 14,16,28 It has been proposed that this sparse representation should result in an enhanced ability to detect functional loss in these pathways, even if all pathways are affected equivalently.…”

Section: Alternate Stimulus Types To Standard White-on-white Luminancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments in perimetry: test stimuli and procedures

McKendrick

2005

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Automated perimetry has evolved substantially in recent years, in part due to modern computer technology that enables more complex visual stimuli and test procedures to be realised than those incorporated in traditional white-on-white luminance increment perimetry. This paper reviews briefly a number of advances in automated perimetry. The review includes discussion of new test types: frequency doubling technology perimetry, short wavelength automated perimetry, flicker perimetry, high-pass resolution perimetry and rarebit perimetry. Test algorithms applied to perimetry such as zippy estimation of sequential thresholds (ZEST), Swedish interactive thresholding algorithm (SITA), tendency-oriented perimetry (TOP) and multi-sampling supra-threshold perimetry are also discussed.

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Selective Versus Nonselective Losses in Glaucoma

Cited by 131 publications

References 0 publications

Non-conventional perimetric methods in the detection of early glaucomatous functional damage

Non-conventional perimetric methods in the detection of early glaucomatous functional damage

Spatio-temporal Contrast Sensitivity in the Cardinal Directions of the Colour Space. A Review

Recent developments in perimetry: test stimuli and procedures

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