Selectively Reduced Posterior Corpus Callosum Size in a Population-Based Sample of Young Adults Born with Low Birth Weight

Aukland, Stein Magnus; Westerhausen, René; Plessen, Kerstin J.; Odberg, Morten Duus; Elgen, Irene Bircow; Peterson, Bradley S.; Ersland, Lars; Eide, Geir Egil; Rosendahl, Karen

doi:10.3174/ajnr.a2594

Cited by 10 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We have previously shown that this population of ex-prematures did not have a smaller total area of corpus callosum than the control group (27), but a significantly smaller posterior third of corpus callosum. Other authors have shown that isolated ventricular dilatation without other brain pathology is not associated with neuroimpairment (24,28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ventricular dilatation in ex-prematures: only confined to the occipital region? MRI-based normative standards for 19-year-old ex-prematures without major handicaps

et al. 2014

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Ventricular dilatation in ex-prematures: only confined to the occipital region? MRI-based normative standards for 19-year-old ex-prematures without major handicaps

et al. 2014

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“…C), one ROI is defined in the midsagittal slice. The ROI is placed around the posterior third of the CC containing the splenium [Aukland et al, ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling the relation between left temporoparietal white matter and reading: A spherical deconvolution tractography study

et al. 2015

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Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies have shown that left temporoparietal white matter is related to phonological aspects of reading. However, DTI lacks the sensitivity to disentangle whether phonological processing is sustained by intrahemispheric connections, interhemispheric connections, or projection tracts. Spherical deconvolution (SD) is a nontensor model which enables a more accurate estimation of multiple fiber directions in crossing fiber regions. Hence, this study is the first to investigate whether the observed relation with reading aspects in left temporoparietal white matter is sustained by a particular pathway by applying a nontensor model. Second, measures of degree of diffusion anisotropy, which indirectly informs about white matter organization, were compared between DTI and SD tractography. In this study, 71 children (5-6 years old) participated. Intrahemispheric, interhemispheric, and projection pathways were delineated using DTI and SD tractography. Anisotropy indices were extracted, that is, fractional anisotropy (FA) in DTI and quantitative hindrance modulated orientational anisotropy (HMOA) in SD. DTI results show that diffusion anisotropy in both the intrahemispheric and projection tracts was positively correlated to phonological awareness; however, the effect was confounded by subjects' motion. In SD, the relation was restricted to the left intrahemispheric connections. A model comparison suggested that FA was, relatively to HMOA, more confounded by fiber crossings; however, anisotropy indices were highly related. In sum, this study shows the potential of SD to quantify white matter microstructure in regions containing crossing fibers. More specifically, SD analyses show that phonological awareness is sustained by left intrahemispheric connections and not interhemispheric or projection tracts.

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“…Metabolic diseases are caused by a combination of exogenous and inherited factors. Acquired structural CC abnormali- Stewart et al, 1999;Nosarti et al, 2004;Andersen et al, 2006;Kontis et al, 2009;Aukland et al, 2011Glass et al, 2008 Normal aging Reduced size Ryberg et al, 2008;Griebe et al, Tomimoto et al, 2004;DiPaola et al, 2010Hensel et al, 2002Yamauchi et al, 2000 Traumatic brain injury Reduction in fractional anisotropy, reduced size…”

Section: Exogenous Factors (Table 4a and 4b)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Corpus Callosum and Epilepsies

2019

The Causes of Epilepsy

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introduction. Corpus callosum (CC) is the largest forebrain commissure. Structural anomalies and accompanying clinical symptoms are not in the focus of neurologists, epileptologists or neurosurgeons. Aim and method. Anatomy, embryological development, normal functions, structural abnormalities, additional malformations, clinical symptoms and seizure disorders with CC anomalies are reviewed from the literature. Review. The detection of callosal anomalies increased rapidly with widespread use of brain imaging methods. Agenesis or dysgenesis of corpus callosum (AgCC) might be considered an accidental finding. Epileptic seizures occur in up to 89% of patients with AgCC. The causal relationship correctly is questioned. However, additional causative malformations of midline and/or telencephalic structures can be demonstrated in most seizure patients. The interruption of bilateral spread of seizure activities acts as the concept for callosotomy as epilepsy surgery. Indications are drug-resistant generalized, diffuse, or multifocal epilepsies. A resectable seizure onset zone should be excluded. Most treated patients are diagnosed as Lennox-Gastaut or Lennox-like syndrome. Conclusions. In cases with callosal abnormalities and clinical symptoms additional malformations are frequently observed, especially with seizure disorders. Callosotomy is the most effective option against drop attacks. The method probably is underused. After callosotomy a circumscript seizure focus might be unveiled and a second step of resective epilepsy surgery can be successful. Key words: corpus callosum • agenesis of corpus callosum • additional malformations • seizure disorders • callosotomy • disconnection syndrome inTRoDuCTion Corpus callosum (CC) is the largest forebrain commissure. Structural anomalies and accompanying clinical symptoms are not in the focus of neurologists, epileptologists or neurosurgeons. AiM AnD METHoD Anatomy, embryological development, normal functions, structural abnormalities, additional malformations, clinical symptoms and seizure disorders with CC anomalies are reviewed from the literature sampled during the last ten years and completed by an extensive search within "Elektronische Zeitenschriftenbibliothek" of the Medical University of Innsbruck. REViEW Anatomy of corpus callosum Corpus callosum is by far the largest forebrain commissure with a cross sectional area of between 500 to 600 mm 2. About 190 million axons cross the midline

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Selectively Reduced Posterior Corpus Callosum Size in a Population-Based Sample of Young Adults Born with Low Birth Weight

Cited by 10 publications

References 37 publications

Ventricular dilatation in ex-prematures: only confined to the occipital region? MRI-based normative standards for 19-year-old ex-prematures without major handicaps

Ventricular dilatation in ex-prematures: only confined to the occipital region? MRI-based normative standards for 19-year-old ex-prematures without major handicaps

Disentangling the relation between left temporoparietal white matter and reading: A spherical deconvolution tractography study

Corpus Callosum and Epilepsies

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