Selenium and thyroid autoimmunity

Negro, Roberto

doi:10.2147/btt.s2746

Cited by 41 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Our second patient had moderately reduced levels of vitamin D. However, it was a mild deficiency, most probably with no or only a minor role in promoting thyroid autoimmunity. Thyroid gland has a high concentration of selenium, as constitutive part of type 1 and 2 deiodinases (Dio 1 and 2), which convert thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3); Gpx 1 and 4, which protect thyreocytes against H2O2 released during thyroglobulin iodination; Gpx3, regulating H2O2 concentration in the lumen of thyroid follicle; selenoprotein P and Txnrd 1, having an antioxidant effect [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant autoimmune thyroiditis and primary hyperparathyroidism – random association? Two cases report

Vasiliu¹,

Vulpoi²,

Armaşu³

et al. 2015

Arch Clin Cases

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Autoimmune thyroiditis and primary hyperparathyroidism are frequent diseases, mainly affecting postmenopausal women. The association between the two pathologies has been described in the literature but the underlying mechanism is not yet elucidated. We present two female patients with autoimmune thyroiditis who developed primary hyperparathyroidism. Both had normal thyroid function, high antithyroid antibodies, and high PTH and calcium values. Thyroid ultrasonography and 99m Tc-MIBI scintigraphy localized the lesion but only one patient underwent surgery. Vitamin D and selenium values were normal or slightly reduced. Both patients had osteoporosis, treated with bisphosphonates. Their evolution is, till now, satisfactory. More theories are trying to explain the correlation between autoimmune thyroiditis and primary hyperparathyroidism: the inflammatory process, the high TSH or PTH values, high calcium, low vitamin D. The possible selenium intervention would correlate environmental and genetic factors. However, all these theories are controversial and not yet proved by experimental or randomized clinical studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concomitant autoimmune thyroiditis and primary hyperparathyroidism – random association? Two cases report

Vasiliu¹,

Vulpoi²,

Armaşu³

et al. 2015

Arch Clin Cases

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“…Zinc and iron are both needed by iNOS, whose increased synthesis likely reflects an acute immune response to Al and would deplete serum stores of these minerals. The selenoprotein, iodothyronine deiodinase (DIO) catalyzes the conversion of thyroxine (T4) to triiodothyronine (T3), releasing iodide, which like nitric oxide, is a strong chaotrope [171]. An increased synthesis of DIO to further offset the kosmotropic influence of Al might explain selenium depletion, but these depletions may also represent competition by Al …”

Section: Aluminum Clearance and Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aluminum?s Role in CNS-immune System Interactions leading to Neurological Disorders

CA¹

2013

Immunome Res

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Multisystem interactions are well established in neurological disorders, in spite of conventional views that only the central nervous system (CNS) is impacted. We review evidence for mutual interactions between the immune and nervous systems and show how these seem to be implicated in the origin and progression of nervous system disorders. Well-established immune system triggers leading to autoimmune reactions are considered. Of these, aluminum, a known neurotoxicant, may be of particular importance. We have demonstrated elsewhere that aluminum has the potential to induce damage at a range of levels in the CNS leading to neuronal death, circuit malfunction and ultimately, system failure. Aluminum is widely used as an adjuvant in various vaccine formulations and has been implicated in a multisystem disorder termed "autoimmune/inflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants" (ASIA). The implications of aluminum-induced ASIA in some disorders of the CNS are considered. We propose a unified theory capturing a progression from a local response to a systemic response initiated by disruption of water-based interfaces of exposed cells.

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“…23,24 Selenium deficiency is associated with increased incidence of thyroid autoimmunity changes in ultrasound appearance including increased thyroid volume and hypoechogenicity, a marker of lymphocytic infiltration. 25 There are two major selenoproteins in thyroid tissue: glutathione peroxidase and iodothyronine deiodinases. 26 Glutathione peroxidase catalyses the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, protecting against oxidative damage generated from thyroid hormone production.…”

Section: Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Postpartum thyroiditis: an autoimmune thyroid disorder which predicts future thyroid health

Keely

2011

Obstet Med

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Summary: Postpartum thyroiditis is a potentially destructive lymphocytic thyroiditis occurring in approximately 8% of the pregnant population, making it the most common endocrine disorder associated with pregnancy. This autoimmune thyroid disorder is precipitated by the postpartum immunological rebound that follows the partial immunosuppression of pregnancy, in individuals already at risk of autoimmune thyroid disease. The manifestations of postpartum thyroiditis are usually not present at the six-week postpartum visit and thus it is important that all physicians be aware of the risks, presentation and intervention required for this common disorder. Postpartum thyroiditis is a strong predictor of future thyroid health and it is essential that women with a history of postpartum thyroiditis be screened regularly, especially prior to a future pregnancy. Selenium supplementation has recently been identified as a potential means to prevent postpartum thyroiditis in women at risk but further studies are required before recommendations for its use can be made.

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Selenium and thyroid autoimmunity

Cited by 41 publications

References 68 publications

Concomitant autoimmune thyroiditis and primary hyperparathyroidism – random association? Two cases report

Concomitant autoimmune thyroiditis and primary hyperparathyroidism – random association? Two cases report

Aluminum?s Role in CNS-immune System Interactions leading to Neurological Disorders

Postpartum thyroiditis: an autoimmune thyroid disorder which predicts future thyroid health

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