Selenium in Human Nutrition and Health

Combs, Gerald F.; Combs, Stephanie B.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-183495-1.50013-0

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 107 publications

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“…On our opinion no formal answer to this problem exists, unless we admit that a relative Se deficient status, probably due to insufficient Se dietary availability is widespread in almost all countries, as Se is an essential constituent of the enzyme molecule. Actually, studies on the Se/GSH-Px ratio in human blood (13,14,51) are consistent with this view and we believe that Se nutritional requirement should be rather superior to the amounts presently estimated (26).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Selenium Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase: A Physiological Regulatory System for Platelet Function

et al. 1990

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SummaryIn human platelets the selenoenzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) acts as a scavenger of the peroxides generated during the burst of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism. Such a mechanism inhibits the biosynthesis of both thromboxane A2 (TXA2) and lipoxygenase products. The same mechanism is not effective on the prostacyclin (PGI2) biosynthesis from cultured endothelial cells. In order to evaluate this effect in vivo, besides in vitro, we activated the enzyme in eight normal volunteers by increasing their daily Se intake for 8 weeks, monitoring: platelet GSH-Px activity, platelet aggregation induced by A A and U 44069, and concurrent malondialdehyde (MDA) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) production, urinary excretion of renal and systemic TXA2 and PGI2 metabolites, platelet enzyme activities of the hexose monophosphate pathway and glutathione content, platelet adenine nucleotides, bleeding time, plasma Se concentration. We found: a) progressive platelet GSH-Px activation by Se paralleling an enhancement of platelet aggregation threshold values for AA, but not for U 44069; b) concurrent inhibition of platelet biosynthesis of TXA2 both in vitro and in vivo while the biosynthesis of systemic prostacyclin was unaffected; c) a progressive increase in the bleeding time, unmodified by aspirin. In conclusion, we believe that Se-dependent GSH-Px represents a physiological mechanism regulating the biosynthesis of prostanoids with implications in platelet function and that a Se dietary supplement might be considered in the prevention of arterial thrombosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Selenium Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase: A Physiological Regulatory System for Platelet Function

et al. 1990

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“…In assessments for status of several trace elements, the concentrations in serum are often used as an index [4][5][6]. A human experimental study has indicated that serum Mo concentration is associated with intake of this trace [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum molybdenum concentration in healthy Japanese adults determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Yoshida

Ôta

Fukunaga

et al. 2006

Journal of Trace Elements in Medicine and Biology

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“…Two important issues relevant to the validity of this approach must be considered: the appropriateness of using selenite as the chemical form of the extrinsic tag to study the handling of intrinsic selenium and the validity of extrinsic labeling with respect to estimating accurately the absorption, retention, and endogenous fecal loss of intrinsic sele-74S e ABSORPTION A ND R ETENTIO N BY VL B W INFANTS /31 nium. Selenium is present in food s and fluid s consumed by human s in a number of poorly ch aracterized organic form s (3). Sel enite probably doe s not constitute a qu antit ativel y significant component of th e se food s o r fluid s , e xcep t for se le niumsu pple me nted infant formulas .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have explored the use of this approach for studies of absorption and retention of selenium in growing premature infants consuming a standard premature formula with or without supplemental selenium, as sodium selenite, and report our results in this article. Selenite is widely used as a selenium supplement in human and animal nutrition (3,6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Selenium Absorption and Retention by Very‐Low‐Birth‐Weight Infants

Ehrenkranz,

Gettner,

Nelli

et al. 1991

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Measurements of dietary selenium absorption and retention were obtained after administration of a single dose of the extrinsic stable isotope tag 74Se in 20 appropriate for gestational age premature infants with birth weights between 720 and 1,630 g and gestational ages between 26 and 33 weeks. Infants were assigned randomly to receive a standard premature formula (1.34 μg of Se/dl) or a selenium‐supplemented version of that formula (2.03 μg of Se/dl). Each study consisted of one feeding that had been extrinsically labeled with 74Se (1.03 μg/kg) and a timed stool and urine collection. The percent 74Se absorption was 91.2 ± 5.4% (mean ± SD) from the standard formula and 86.2 ± 3.0% from the selenium‐supplemented formula (p < 0.05), but the percent of the absorbed 74Se retained was not different, i.e., 96.6 ± 2.1% and 95.0 ± 2.8%, respectively. The percent net absorption and net retention were also not different between the standard and selenium‐supplemented formulas; net absorption was 72.7 ± 18.1% vs. 67.8 ± 18.8% and net retention was 57.2 ± 17.6% vs. 53.3 ± 20.2%, respectively. The percent 74Se absorption and true selenium absorption were significantly correlated with the percent net selenium absorption and net selenium absorption, respectively. We conclude that an extrinsically administered dose of 74Se can be used to study selenium nutrition in growing premature infants.

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Selenium in Human Nutrition and Health

Cited by 21 publications

References 107 publications

Selenium Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase: A Physiological Regulatory System for Platelet Function

Selenium Dependent Glutathione Peroxidase: A Physiological Regulatory System for Platelet Function

Serum molybdenum concentration in healthy Japanese adults determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

Selenium Absorption and Retention by Very‐Low‐Birth‐Weight Infants

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