Selenium, selenoproteins and brain function

Schweizer, Ulrich; Schomburg, Lutz

doi:10.1007/0-387-33827-6_21

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 88 publications

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“…Two primary amino acids, seleno‐cysteine and selenomethionine, contain Se, and many seleno‐proteins or Se‐containing protein subunits have been detected in animal cells. Selenium is a micronutrient and an antioxidant, and supports normal thyroid hormone homeostasis, immunity, and fertility [111]; its role in brain function has also been established [112]. As is true for all micronutrients, adverse biological effects occur when the bioavailable Se in the biota is too low (deficiency) or too high (toxicity) (Fig.…”

Section: Possible Pathways Leading To Biological Hg‐se Antagonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury‐selenium compounds and their toxicological significance: Toward a molecular understanding of the mercury‐selenium antagonism

Khan

Wang

2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

401

294

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The interaction between mercury (Hg) and selenium (Se) is one of the best known examples of biological antagonism, yet the underlying mechanism remains unclear. This review focuses on the possible pathways leading to the Hg-Se antagonism, with an emphasis on the potential Hg-Se compounds that are responsible for the antagonism at the molecular level (i.e., bis[methylmercuric]selenide, methylmercury selenocysteinate, selenoprotein P-bound HgSe clusters, and the biominerals HgSe(x)S(1-x)). The presence of these compounds in biological systems has been suggested by direct or indirect evidence, and their chemical properties support their potentially key roles in alleviating the toxicity of Hg and Se (at high Hg and Se exposures, respectively) and deficiency of Se (at low Se exposures). Direct analytical evidences are needed, however, to confirm their in vivo presence and metabolic pathways, as well as to identify the roles of other potential Hg-Se compounds. Further studies are also warranted for the determination of thermodynamic properties of these compounds under physiological conditions toward a better understanding of the Hg-Se antagonism in biota, particularly under real world exposure scenarios.

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Section: Possible Pathways Leading To Biological Hg‐se Antagonismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mercury‐selenium compounds and their toxicological significance: Toward a molecular understanding of the mercury‐selenium antagonism

Khan

Wang

2009

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

401

294

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“…Selenium (Se) is an essential micronutrient in the diet of animals including birds, and its importance for regular development, immune functions (Hoffmann and Berry 2008), chemoprevention (Li et al 2010), neurobiology, especially normal functioning of the brain (Chen and Berry 2003;Savaskan et al 2003;Schweizer et al 2004a, b;Schweizer and Schomburg 2006). When Se was deficient in the diet, the brain showed high priority to conserve this element (Chen and Berry 2003;Schweizer et al 2004a, b;Schweizer and Schomburg 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…When Se was deficient in the diet, the brain showed high priority to conserve this element (Chen and Berry 2003;Schweizer et al 2004a, b;Schweizer and Schomburg 2006). The main biological form of Se is selenocysteine (Sec) which occurs in selenoproteins.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Effects of Selenoprotein W gene expression by selenium involves regulation of mRNA stability in chicken embryos neurons

et al. 2012

Biometals

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Selenium (Se) and Selenoprotein W (SelW) plays a pivotal role in the brain development, function, and degeneration and that SelW expression in the brain may be affected by Se. However, the mechanism which Se regulates the SelW gene expression in neurons remains to be unclear. To investigate the effects of the SelW gene expression and mRNA stability induced by Se, primary cultured chicken embryos neurons derived from 8-day-old chick embryo cerebral hemispheres were treated with 10(-9)-10(-5) mol/l Se as selenite for 3, 6, 12, 24 or 48 h, respectively. The morphology and viability of Neurons was detected. The SelW mRNA expression level and mRNA half-life was examined in Se-treated neurons. The relative low concentrations of Se enhanced the neurite outgrowth, increased the SelW mRNA levels and elevated the mRNA half-life of chick embryo neurons. In contrast, the high concentrations of Se presented neurotoxic to neurons, decreased the SelW mRNA levels and reduced the mRNA half-life of neuronal cells. These results suggest that the alteration of post-transcriptional stabilization of SelW mRNA is an important mechanism of Se-induced the elevation or reduction of the SelW expression level in chick embryo neurons.

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“…It is also shown to play a significant role in brain function, which makes it a crucial trace element for optimal function of brain glutathione peroxidase and selenoprotein P (25). The metabolism of selenium in the brain differs from the metabolism of selenium in other organs because during selenium deficiency the brain is the last organ to be depleted (26). Brain selenoprotein P is the key in maintaining antioxidant function that might be involved in the protection of astrocytes that aid in detoxifying reactive oxygen species in the brain.…”

Section: Seleniummentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive impairment, genomic instability and trace elements

Meramat

Rajab

Shahar

et al. 2015

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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Cognitive impairments are often related to aging and micronutrient deficiencies. Various essential micronutrients in the diet are involved in age-altered biological functions such as, zinc, copper, iron, and selenium that play pivotal roles either in maintaining and reinforcing the antioxidant performances or in affecting the complex network of genes (nutrigenomic approach) involved in encoding proteins for biological functions. Genomic stability is one of the leading causes of cognitive decline and deficiencies or excess in trace elements are two of the factors relating to it. In this review, we report and discuss the role of micronutrients in cognitive impairment in relation to genomic stability in an aging population. Telomere integrity will also be discussed in relation to aging and cognitive impairment, as well as, the micronutrients related to these events. This review will provide an understanding on how these three aspects can relate with each other and why it is important to keep a homeostasis of micronutrients in relation to healthy aging. Micronutrient deficiencies and aging process can lead to genomic instability.

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Selenium, selenoproteins and brain function

Cited by 13 publications

References 88 publications

Mercury‐selenium compounds and their toxicological significance: Toward a molecular understanding of the mercury‐selenium antagonism

Mercury‐selenium compounds and their toxicological significance: Toward a molecular understanding of the mercury‐selenium antagonism

Effects of Selenoprotein W gene expression by selenium involves regulation of mRNA stability in chicken embryos neurons

Cognitive impairment, genomic instability and trace elements

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