Self-Actualization of Students Personality in Various Areas of Training in the Hpe System
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Introduction. The article analyzes the problem of self-actualization and professional orientation of specialists in various fields. A theoretical study of the problem of self-actualization has shown that it is a specific form of cognitive creative activity, involving the identification, study and assessment of one’s capabilities and implementation in the profession. Materials and Methods. The article presents the results of an empirical study of self-actualization and professional orientation of specialists of various profiles using a set of methods: the questionnaire “Diagnostics of self-actualization of the personality of A. V. Lazukin” (adapted by N. F. Kalin); test to determine the professional orientation of the personality of J. Holland; methods of diagnostics of socio-psychological attitudes of a person in the motivational-need-sphere of O. F. Potemkina; methods of statistical data processing: Mann – Whitney U-test, correlation analysis. Research Results. Statistically significant differences were revealed between the indicators of self-actualization, motivation and professional orientation among specialists from different professional groups. The correlation relationships between the types of professional orientation and various scales of self-actualization and attitudes in the motivational-need-sphere of representatives of various professional groups have been revealed. It was found that the features of self-actualization, values, motives and needs of specialists are largely due to the specifics of their professional activities and the type of professional orientation. The desire for self-actualization, creativity, spontaneity, self-understanding, contact and flexibility in communication is most pronounced among specialists with a social and entrepreneurial type of orientation, whose activities provide opportunities for creative self-expression. Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained confirm the assumption that the desire for self-actualization of specialists is largely due to their professional orientation and the specifics of their professional activities.
Introduction. The article analyzes the problem of self-actualization and professional orientation of specialists in various fields. A theoretical study of the problem of self-actualization has shown that it is a specific form of cognitive creative activity, involving the identification, study and assessment of one’s capabilities and implementation in the profession. Materials and Methods. The article presents the results of an empirical study of self-actualization and professional orientation of specialists of various profiles using a set of methods: the questionnaire “Diagnostics of self-actualization of the personality of A. V. Lazukin” (adapted by N. F. Kalin); test to determine the professional orientation of the personality of J. Holland; methods of diagnostics of socio-psychological attitudes of a person in the motivational-need-sphere of O. F. Potemkina; methods of statistical data processing: Mann – Whitney U-test, correlation analysis. Research Results. Statistically significant differences were revealed between the indicators of self-actualization, motivation and professional orientation among specialists from different professional groups. The correlation relationships between the types of professional orientation and various scales of self-actualization and attitudes in the motivational-need-sphere of representatives of various professional groups have been revealed. It was found that the features of self-actualization, values, motives and needs of specialists are largely due to the specifics of their professional activities and the type of professional orientation. The desire for self-actualization, creativity, spontaneity, self-understanding, contact and flexibility in communication is most pronounced among specialists with a social and entrepreneurial type of orientation, whose activities provide opportunities for creative self-expression. Discussion and Conclusion. The results obtained confirm the assumption that the desire for self-actualization of specialists is largely due to their professional orientation and the specifics of their professional activities.
This paper is aimed at studying the impact of life perspective on the formation of psychological readiness for professional activity in psychology students who have chosen to work in the educational system. We present materials of an empirical study obtained on a sample of 2—4-year students of the Faculty of Psychology of the Pedagogical Institute of the Belgorod State National Research University. The sample consisted of 80 undergraduate students of the Educational Psychology program, aged from 20 to 23 years, 56 females and 24 males. The following techniques were used: “Motivation for Professional Activity” (by K.Zamfir, modified by A.A.Rean), “Professional Readiness” (by A.P.Chernyavskaya), “The Method of Motivational Induction” (by J.Nütten, adapted by D.A.Leontiev) and “Life-Purpose Orientations Test” (by J.Crumbaugh, L.Maholik, adapted by D.A. Leontiev).The study showed that meaningful perception of life perspective determines the development of motivational, cognitive and emotional components of readiness for professional activity in psychology students.
Psychological well-being and value-semantic sphere of personality among psychology students
Introduction. The relevance of the study of psychological well-being and its correlation with the value-semantic sphere of the personality among students-psychologists is due to the need to train specialists in helping professions, who are able to carry out competent psychological support of the subject during a period of growing instability.The aim of the present research is to identify the characteristics of psychological well-being and its correlations with the value-semantic sphere of psychology students' personality in terms of personal values, basic semantic attitudes, self-actualisation of the personality, a dynamic system of life meanings for understanding and working out flexible supra-professional skills associated with self-organisation and self-development of career paths to maintain professional health.Methodology and research methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the study was the subject-activity approach to psychological well-being and the value-semantic sphere of the individual, developed by the Russian psychology, taking into account the scientific works of foreign authors. An empirical study was conducted among students-psychologists of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (N = 80) using the psychodiagnostic methods: “Scale of Psychological Well-Being” by K. Riff (adapted by T. P. Shevelenkova and P. P. Fesenko), “Self-Actualization Test” (by E. Shostrom), “Value Questionnaire” (by Sh. Schwartz), test “Meaningful Orientations” (by D. A. Leontiev), “System of Life Meanings” (by V. Yu. Kotlyakov), “Basic Semantic Attitudes” (by A. D. Ishkov and N. G. Milardova). The following methods of mathematical statistics were applied: correlation (Spearman's р) and factor analysis (principal component method), IBM SPSS Statistics 22 program.Results. The revealed significant correlations between psychological well-being, value orientations and semantic attitudes of psychology students confirm that the respondents' goal-setting is limited by the lack of a sense of independence, as well as the need to combine new and traditional methods for society to manage and control their activities. Self-actualisation of the individual is constrained by the presence of semantic attitudes of the respondents, reflecting their dependence on emotional support and the opinions of others. The results of factor analysis demonstrate the presence of five factors in the personality structure: the factor of safety and stability of life when it is meaningful and manageable; the factor of self-actualisation regardless of the environment; the factor of psychological well-being with the meaningfulness of personal development; the factor of manifesting concern for the well-being of loved ones with a decrease in exactingness and responsibility for them; the factor of achieving personal success with the ability to take risks.Scientific novelty. The authors made an attempt at investigating the correlations of psychological well-being with certain aspects of the value-semantic sphere of the personality among young specialists in the helping profession, for whom this area of the psyche acquires professional and personal significance.Practical significance. The results of the current research can be employed in the course of preparation and design of professional supervision programmes for students-psychologists, as well as in the process of development of over-professional skills associated with the reflection of young specialists of their own life-creating resources, located in the space of complex interaction of psychological well-being and value-semantic sphere.
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