Self-Assembled Metallic Nanowire-Based Vertical Organic Field-Effect Transistor

Abstract

We report on in situ, self-assembly, solution-processing of metallic (Au/Ag) nanowire-based transparent electrodes integrated to vertical organic field-effect transistors (VOFETs). In the VOFET architecture, the nanowires' microstructure facilitates current modulation by the gate across the otherwise shielding sandwiched source electrode. We show N-type VOFETs operation with on/off ratio ∼1 × 10(5) and high current density (>1 mA cm(-2) at VDS = 5 V). The integration of the device design and the transparent electrode deposition methods offers a potential route for all-solution processing-based, large-area, high-efficiency organic electronics.

Vertical Organic Field‐Effect Transistors

“…[49] In contrast to using self-assembled silver nanowires as source electrode, high-performance VOFETs with a short channel length down to 50 nm have been constructed by photolithography method, giving high electrical performances with on/off ratio of 10 6 and transconductance values of >50 µS mm −1 . [42] Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society. [51] By inserting a thin injection layer of p-dopants (C 60 F 36 ) underneath the source electrode, the corresponding VOFET performances could be greatly improved with one order of magnitude enhancement for both on/off ratio and transconductance.…”

“…[50] In addition, the charge carrier injection also has great influence on the transconductance of VOFETs. electrode, [33,42,52,53] dielectric, [54] the excellent electrical performance and low-cost fabrication process for such kind VOFETs will make them be promising elements in organic electronics and integrated circuits. It is expected that by further understanding the working mechanism and optimizing the structures of PE-VOFET in terms of source [41] Copyright 2009, AIP publishing.…”

“…Hence, when the gate is applied a positive voltage, lots of electrons can be accumulated in the fullerene that in the source gaps and electron can be easily injected into the fullerene, thus a large onstate current can be obtained as demonstrated in Figure 3a In later studies, to achieve the controllable fabrication of source electrodes in PE-VOFETs, Ben-Sasson et al, further introduced random network of metallic nanowire films as the source electrode for low-cost PE-VOFETs (Figure 3b-2). [42] The nanowire surface density can be controlled by their solution concentrations. The resulted solution-processed PE-VOFETs based on nanowires electrodes with the n-type polymer P(NDI2OD-T2) thin film as active layer exhibit high on/off ratio of ≈1 × 10 5 and current density of 1 mA cm −2 at a low source-drain voltage of 5 V. Since then, a series of outcomes have been achieved in this field along with the maturity of wellestablished models and optimization guidelines for fabricating metallic nanowire electrodes, [43][44][45] It should be mentioned that more recently important improvements of solution-processed PE-VOFETs have been made by inkjet printing method which is considered as a promising technology for large-area manufacturing device applications.…”

“…[42] Copyright 2015, American Chemical Society. electrode, [33,42,52,53] dielectric, [54] the excellent electrical performance and low-cost fabrication process for such kind VOFETs will make them be promising elements in organic electronics and integrated circuits. [32,[55][56][57]…”

Copper phthalocyanine based vertical organic field effect transistor with naturally patterned tin intermediate grid electrode

“…Additionally, Rossi et al [7] and Seidel et al [8] have shown that the intermediate electrode resistance can be minimized by using additional metallic or polymeric layers, respectively. There are also strategies to produce electrodes with controlled permeability like the use of sphere-lithography [15e17], co-deposition of metal and organic molecules [18], atomic layer deposition assisted nanoimprint lithography [19], random network of metallic nanowires [20], C 60 -graphene vertical heterostructures [21] or use of blockcopolymer templates [9] to obtain improved ON/OFF ratio and lower operation voltage. However, these strategies may require more complex device production steps, leading to a consequent cost rise and eliminating one of the potential advantages of the VOFETs.…”