Self-avoidance and Tiling: Mechanisms of Dendrite and Axon Spacing

Grueber, Wesley B.; Sagasti, Alvaro

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a001750

Cited by 159 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…Detailed cell biological studies of branch formation will provide a complete picture of how branches develop, how genetic programs dictate branching regulation, and how activity modulates branches. Finally, although different in structure and function, axons and dendrites both develop branches and might share molecular and cellular mechanisms of branching that are evolutionarily conserved (Grueber and Sagasti, 2010;Jan and Jan, 2010). Recent studies of axonal and dendritic development in flies and worms (Alexander et al, 2010;Hao et al, 2010;Jan and Jan, 2010;Oren-Suissa et al, 2010) will thus provide useful insights into the many outstanding questions regarding the regulation of axon branching in vertebrates (see Box 3).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…dendritic development of non-vertebrates, it would not be surprising if some of the factors identified there play similar roles in axonal tiling and avoidance in vertebrates (Grueber and Sagasti, 2010). For example, the cell adhesion molecule DSCAM that regulates these processes in axons and dendrites of Drosophila neurons (Grueber and Sagasti, 2010) has recently been implicated in dendritic avoidance in the rodent retina (Fuerst et al, 2009;Fuerst et al, 2008) and might well regulate axonal arbor morphology in vertebrates.…”

Section: Regulating Arbor Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental regulation of axon branching in the vertebrate nervous system

2011

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SummaryDuring nervous system development, axons generate branches to connect with multiple synaptic targets. As with axon growth and guidance, axon branching is tightly controlled in order to establish functional neural circuits, yet the mechanisms that regulate this important process are less well understood. Here, we review recent advances in the study of several common branching processes in the vertebrate nervous system. By focusing on each step in these processes we illustrate how different types of branching are regulated by extracellular cues and neural activity, and highlight some common principles that underlie the establishment of complex neural circuits in vertebrate development.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Regulating Arbor Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental regulation of axon branching in the vertebrate nervous system

2011

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“…It is known that MTs are also required for dendritic development and dendritic tiling (Grueber and Sagasti 2010;Koleske 2013;Rolls 2011). In many different organisms, proper dendrite morphology depends on MAPs, which regulate MT stabilization, bundling, spacing, and dynamics.…”

Section: Functions Of Axon and Dendritic Microtubulesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microtubule Organization and Microtubule-Associated Proteins (MAPs)

2016

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Dendrites have a unique microtubule organization. In vertebrates, dendritic microtubules are organized in antiparallel bundles, oriented with their plus ends either pointing away or toward the soma. The mixed microtubule arrays control intracellular trafficking and local signaling pathways, and are essential for dendrite development and function. The organization of microtubule arrays largely depends on the combined function of different microtubule regulatory factors or generally named microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs). Classical MAPs, also called structural MAPs, were identified more than 20 years ago based on their ability to bind to and copurify with microtubules. Most classical MAPs bind along the microtubule lattice and regulate microtubule polymerization, bundling, and stabilization. Recent evidences suggest that classical MAPs also guide motor protein transport, interact with the actin cytoskeleton, and act in various neuronal signaling networks. Here, we give an overview of microtubule organization in dendrites and the role of classical MAPs in dendrite development, dendritic spine formation, and synaptic plasticity. IntroductionMicrotubules (MTs) are cytoskeletal structures that play essential roles in all eukaryotic cells. MTs are important not only during cell division but also in non-dividing cells, where they are critical structures in numerous cellular processes such as cell motility, migration, differentiation, intracellular transport and organelle positioning. MTs are composed of two proteins, α-and β-tubulin, that form heterodimers and organize themselves in a head-to-tail manner. MTs are dynamic and they can rapidly switch between cycles of growth and shrinkage. This MT

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“…These non-random cellular arrays are known as mosaics and evenly tile the retinal field (Galli-Resta et al 2008). Individual cellular mosaics are characterized by minimal distances between like-cells -a spacing that is achieved by processes that include self-avoidance or isoneuronal repulsion and repulsion of like-neighbours or heteroneuronal repulsion (Grueber and Sagasti 2010). While the molecular cues that establish retinal cell mosaics are poorly understood, individual retinal mosaics are known to develop cell autonomously and are not influenced by the mosaics of other cell types (Rockhill et al 2000).…”

Section: Retinal Cell Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%