Self-Care, Sense Of Coherence And Depression In Patients Hospitalized For Decompensated Heart Failure

Abstract

Objective:To analyze the self-care behaviors according to gender, the symptoms of depression and sense of coherence and compare the measurements of depression and sense of coherence according to gender. Method: A correlational, cross-sectional study that investigated 132 patients with decompensated heart failure (HF). Data were collected through interviews and consultation to medical records, and analyzed using the chi-square and the Student's t tests with significance level of 0.05. Participants were 75 men and 57 women, aged 63.2 years on average (SD = 13.8). Results: No differences in self-care behavior by gender were found, except for rest after physical activity (p = 0.017). Patients who practiced physical activity showed fewer symptoms of depression (p<0.001). There were no differences in sense of coherence according to self-care behavior and gender. Women had more symptoms of depression than men (p = 0.002). Conclusion: Special attention should be given to women with HF considering self-care and depressive symptoms. DESCRIPTORSHeart Failure; Self Care; Sense of Coherence; Depression; Hospitalization; Nursing Care.Self-care, sense of coherence and depression in patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure Autocuidado, senso de coerência e depressão em pacientes hospitalizados por insuficiência cardíaca descompensada Autocuidado, sentido de coherencia y depresión en pacientes hospitalizados por insuficiencia cardiaca descompensada INTRODUCTIONHeart failure (HF) is a chronic condition of complex treatment for involving multiple factors in its origin and evolution, as well as high socioeconomic costs (1) . It is also a public health priority and its prevalence increased over the last decade. Low cost strategies such as using electronic messages have been tested to promote adherence to selfcare behaviors in the long run without straining the health resources (2) . Achieving results of impact for patients and the health system is a major challenge for HF management.Despite advances in the diagnosis and treatment of HF, the disease morbidity and mortality remain high. In addition, HF patients have high rates of readmissions, with about 30% of patients readmitted in a year period (1,3) , and each hospitalization adding extra weight to worsening the survival curve (4) . The HF decompensation is detrimental for both the physical as the emotional performance of patients, and contributes to a reduction in life expectancy and worsening in quality of life (3) . In Brazil, there are about 6.5 million patients with HF. Approximately one third of these patients are hospitalized annually (1) . The factors related to readmission are the presence of other medical conditions, age (5)(6) , inadequate left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), among others (7) . In 2011, there were 258,069 admissions and the mortality proportion was 9.34% (8) , with predominance of the male gender among hospitalizations due to HF decompensation (9) . Several factors can lead patients with HF to clinical decompensation, as the...

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