Self-Correcting Algorithm for Estimated Time of Arrival of Emergency Responders on the Highway

Edge-Aware Cloud-Native Service for Enhancing Back Situation Awareness in 5G-Based Vehicular Systems

“…As indicated in our previous work [12], our proposed solution has several advantages compared with the stateof-the-art. The existing studies to predict travel times and investigate reliable routing optimizations use the uncertainty and time-dependent distribution of the speed (its mean and variance value respectively) [14,15].…”

“…For the ETA algorithm as a part of our BSA application service, calculating ETA values and defining areas for ETA dissemination along the road, we conducted a detailed analytical analysis in our previous work [12], assessing the ETA accuracy and error estimation. In this paper, we focus on evaluating the overall functional and operational feasibility of the BSA service in a real environment, its management and service performance, and analyze i) the overall response time to emergency events, studying all the contributing factors, as well as ii) the impact of the BSA service on the MEC computing resources that will aid the service designer in deriving MEC system specifications for reliable hosting of this critical service.…”

“…In our solution, the historical data set is constantly updated using the received CAMs from the EmV. Therefore, we have updated accurate average speed values for 24 hours of the day, thus identifying rush hours, busy areas within cities, weather conditions, congestion, and ridership [12].…”

“…However, Wang et al [26] point out that the use of the Uu interface is not always sufficient for the requirements of the V2X services, and they emphasize the importance of bringing those services closer to the users, i.e., at the network edge. Therefore, in our previous work [12], we studied the benefits of using 5G and MEC as a solution for supporting BSA in V2X scenarios, with the focus on the algorithm that estimates the time of arrival of an EmV, which is further disseminated to civilian vehicles along the road with a longrange distance. In this paper, we present the innovative edgeaware MEC application service that is developed for enhancing back situation awareness on the highways, relying on the 5G technology to provide connectivity to vehicles, thereby going beyond existing approaches that are short-range-based.…”

“…Such a mechanism of proactive notifications allows the drivers to deduce the maneuver recommendations. The ETA analytical model is further explained in Section IV-B1, while the detailed logic, including the analytical model and the performance evaluation of the ETA algorithm compared against the state-of-the-art approaches, have been described and analyzed in our previous work [12] in terms of the error in the estimation of ETA values. 2) C-ITS Protocol Service: This is proposed to be a microservice for decoding and parsing received C-ITS awareness and notification messages (CAM/DENM), as a part of the overall BSA application.…”