“…According to Robertson, et al (2007), there is: "The point at which personal beliefs intersect with working knowledge and related skills is the habit zone [or] unconscious behaviours" (p. 36). Habits reflect expertise and these influence learners' self-efficacy (Abu-Jaber & Qutami, 1998;Milbrath & Kinzie, 2000;Ndubisi, 2004;Sam, Othman & Nordin, 2005;Hakverdi, Gücüm & Korkmaz, 2007;Maninger & Anderson, 2007;Lancaster & Bain, 2007;Liang & Tsai, 2008;Jungert & Rosander, 2010). In turn, increasing self-efficacy is claimed to improve learners' academic performance and the institutional environment (Jungert & Rosander, 2010;Abulibdeh & Hassan, 2011).…”