“…It has often been suggested that academic achievement is closely related to self-esteem (Osborne, 1997;Pullmann & Allik, 2008;Suk Wai Wong & Watkins, 2001;Stupniskyet, Renaud, Perry, Ruthig, Haynes, & Clifton, 2007;Whitesell, Mitchell, & Spicer, 2009), nevertheless, considering the literature, this relationship is more complicated than it is thought to be. Some researchers asserted that self-esteem affects academic achievement (Chapman, 1988;Hansford & Hattie, 1982;Marsh, Byrne, & Shavelson, 1988), however some others claim it is affected by academic achievement (Alves-Martinset, Peixoto, Gouveia-Pereira, Amaral, & Pedro, 2002;Baumeister, Campbell, Krueger, & Vohs, 2003;Bowles, 1999;Filozof, Albertin, Jones, Steme, Myers, & McDermott, 1998;Hoge, Smit, & Crist, 1995). It can be concluded that while self-esteem affects academic achievement, it is affected by academic achievement as well.…”