“…Elliot& Church, 2003, Martin, et al, 2003 (Urdan, 2004, Leondari& Gonida, 2007, Thomas& Gadbois, 2007, Chang, 2010, Gadbois & Sturgeon, 2011 (Adil, et al, 2020, 58 (Schwinger & Stiensmeier-Pelster, 2011, Park & Brown, 2014, Yavuzer, 2015, Ferradás, et al, 2016b, Ferradás, et al, 2018 (Lane, et al, 2004, Imran, 2013, Preeti, et al, 2016, Jagtap, 2018, Christy& Mythili, 2020 . دة د ثس ر ئت د د نت د د د د ف ثخت د د ،نه ال (Minev, et al, 2018 (Ferradás, et al, 2017) . ع كت تهص ئ نت ثسة ر ت (Ferradás, et al, 2018 (Ferradás, et al, 2016a, Ferradás, et al, (Ross, et al, 2002, Bobo, et al, 2013 (Ross, et al, 2002, Bobo, et al, 2013, Nosenko, et al, 2016 gender differences in self-handicapping.…”