“…Among these methods, graft polymerization is a very popular potential method to form a film layer (perhaps polymers) that are covalently bonded onto the substrate surface [10,11,12], this modified surface shows good mechanical and chemical stability, as well as structural controllable. Within various methods of graft polymerization, surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) [13,14,15,16] has been widely applied for grafting polymers on different materials surface, especially for grafting a densely anchored polymer shell with a high degree of control on the size, structure, and unique uniformity of the polymer chains, which was owing to the high compatibility of SI-ATRP process has a wide variety of monomers, molecular weight (MW) and structure designability, mild reaction conditions, well-defined thickness, and composition [17,18,19].…”