Self‐Lubrication of Chlorine‐Implanted Titanium Nitride Coating

Aizawa, Tatsuhiko; Akhadejdamrong, Thananan; Iwamoto, Chihiro; Ikuhara, Yuichi; Mitsuo, Atsushi

doi:10.1111/j.1151-2916.2002.tb00032.x

Cited by 23 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…The films were polycrystalline with a columnar structure of 50-60 nm grains and the film thickness was 2 µm. 5,6 Single-charged chlorine ions were implanted into the TiN film at a dose of 1.0 ð 10 17 ions cm 2 at 100 keV under high vacuum (2.0 ð 10 5 Pa). 6 A stainless-steel ball with a diameter of 6 mm was used for the ball-on-disc sliding test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4 Implantation of Cl C to chemically treat TiN films was carried out to improve the tribological properties: 5 the friction coefficient of the TiN film (¾2 µm thick) without Cl C implantation was ¾0.8, whereas it was <0.2 for the TiN film with Cl C implantation. 6 In order to clarify the effect of Cl C implantation on the friction coefficient, we analysed the surfaces of TiN films with/without Cl C implantation by scanning XPS. Both TiN films were subjected to a ball-on-disc sliding test with a stainless-steel ball, resulting in round, 150 µm wide scratches on the surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl⁺ implantation

Yoshitake

Thananan

Aizawaki

2002

Surface & Interface Analysis

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl⁺ implantation

Yoshitake

Thananan

Aizawaki

2002

Surface & Interface Analysis

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“…As partially included in Table 1, the authors 6,11,[14][15][16][17] have proposed the importance of chemical surface modification to accommodate the self-protection and self-lubrication to coating films. In a similar manner to the conventional physical modification via the argon implantation, 8) significant amount of dislocations are induced with enhancement of implanted atom doses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Modification of Titanium Nitride Films via Ion Implantation

2003

Self Cite

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Titanium nitride, TiN is a typical ceramic coating film for cutting tools and dies; it often suffers from low oxidation temperature and high friction coefficient and wear volume. Its wearing and oxidation resistance is drastically improved by chemical modification via ion implantation. Carbon-, aluminum-and chlorine-ion implantation is introduced to describe the difference in the modified microstructure at the vicinity of surface. Ion-plated TiN films on a high-speed tool steel substrate are employed as a common specimen to be implanted. Each modified titanium nitride has its intrinsic, as-implanted nanostructure to the selected species. In the carbon implantation, the near-surface structure of TiN film is modified to have the layered bonding state with Ti-C/C-C/Ti-C. The Al-implantation modifies TiN to have non-equilibrium solid solution phase of (Ti, Al) N and metallic aluminum cluster. No change is seen in the chlorine implanted TiN except for increase of dislocations or point defects. The wear resistance is improved by the above as-implanted nano-structuring in the case of carbon implantation. Al-and Cl-implantation significantly improves the original oxidation and wearing resistance of TiN by the post-implantation nano-structuring. The stable, dense aluminum oxide layer is in-situ formed as a tight protective shield during the oxidation test by surface reaction between penetrating oxygen and diffusing aluminum. The lubricious titanium oxide film is also in-situ formed in the wear track at the presence of chlorine to sustain low friction and wear rate even in dry, severe wearing conditions.

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“…Depending on the type, the size and its distribution of these precipitates, the mechanical properties as well as the wearing/corrosion performance are positively controlled in practice. In the recent studies, the ion implantation enables us to change the old-fashioned concept of surface modification: [4][5][6] chlorine implantation significantly reduces the wearing volume of sample and counter materials and the friction coefficient. This technological impact toward the dry forming and machining is to be further discussed in Ref.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma Nitriding as an Environmentally Benign Surface Structuring Process

Aizawa

Kuwahara

2003

Mater. Trans.

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Nitriding has been utilized for surface treatment of automotive parts as a typical cheap and reliable processing. Recent requirement to reduce the environmental burden, denies usage of cyanides or cyanates and excessive exhaustion of ammonia gases, which are widely used in practice. Among several candidates, the plasma nitriding might be well recommended as an alternative, environmentally benign surface treatment. Typical features among the above three approaches are first introduced in the present paper to demonstrate the usefulness of plasma nitriding. Both the commercial high alloy steel with type of SR34 and the Fe-14Cr binary alloy were used to understand the feasibility of plasma nitriding. Among various surface-treated steel automotive parts, a piston ring was employed to consider the possibility of plasma nitriding for alternative surface treatment method with comparison to the gas nitriding, the chromium wet-plating and the CrN PVD coating. Both the hardness testing and the scuffing load measurement were utilized for mechanical evaluation of the surface-treated samples. In the case of the normal plasma nitriding, the trade-off-balancing is held for the surface hardness vs. scuffing load relationship. Since the gas-nitriding data were plotted on the obtained master curve, the normal plasma nitriding can be a candidate surface treatment to be working instead of the gas nitriding processes in industry. Of much concern is the advanced plasma nitriding with formation of multi-striped microstructure. Although further validation is necessary to demonstrate its effectiveness as a reliable surface treatment for industry, the above normal trade-off-balancing curve can be extended in the direction to enhance the scuffing load or the wear toughness even at the same level of surface hardness. Both the chromium wet plating and the CrN ion-plating data might well be classified with this new trade-off-balancing curve for mechanical design of piston ring. This high qualification in the mechanical performance must be indispensable for the environmentally benign surface treatment.

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Self‐Lubrication of Chlorine‐Implanted Titanium Nitride Coating

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl⁺ implantation

Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl⁺ implantation

Chemical Modification of Titanium Nitride Films via Ion Implantation

Plasma Nitriding as an Environmentally Benign Surface Structuring Process

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Self‐Lubrication of Chlorine‐Implanted Titanium Nitride Coating

Cited by 23 publications

References 17 publications

Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl+ implantation

Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl+ implantation

Chemical Modification of Titanium Nitride Films via Ion Implantation

Plasma Nitriding as an Environmentally Benign Surface Structuring Process

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Product

Resources

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Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl⁺ implantation

Micro‐XPS analysis of slide‐tested TiN films with/without Cl⁺ implantation