Self-Organization and the City

Portugali, Juval

doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-0421-2_471

Cited by 13 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…The DMA algorithm has been computed for n i ∈ [2, 49], with i = 1, 2, which, according to equation (7), results in the s values shown in the horizontal axis of the plots. [3] (second column).…”

Section: Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diverse theories, e.g. based on dissipative interactions [4], gravity [5], three-dimensional fractal buildings [6], self-organization [7] and synergetics [8], have been proposed to describe the microscopic origin of such behaviour. A feature common to these models is that the interactions depend on the effective distance connecting site pairs, which for fractal media, is expressed in terms of the Hausdorff dimension as ∝ λ D f (figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is noteworthy that most of the empirical estimates of the scaling exponents made in the literature use socio-economic quantities of employment or added values, which are not provided by a pointwise distribution over the urban areas and certainly they are not detectable, nor can be provided by satellite images, which refer to physical information of rural and urban landscapes. Models like those proposed in [4][5][6][7][8] might be very relevant to overcome this limitation, as they share the common aim to relate the physical/infrastructural features to the socio-economic variables. Further scientific steps are still required in order to shed light on the physical hypothesis and mathematical constraints underlying the existing literature in order to find a unified view of the described phenomena and remove all the apparent contradictions still present in the outcomes fueling controversial perspectives.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atlas of urban scaling laws

Carbone

Murialdo

Pieroni³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Complex.

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Accurate estimates of the urban fractal dimension D f are obtained by implementing the detrended moving average algorithm on high-resolution multi-spectral satellite images from the WorldView2 (WV2) database covering the largest European cities. Fractal dimension D f varies between 1.65 and 1.90 with high values for highly urbanised urban sectors and low ones for suburban and peripheral ones. Based on recently proposed models, the values of the fractal dimension D f are checked against the exponents β s and β i of the scaling law Y ∼ N β , respectively for socio-economic and infrastructural variables Y, with N the population size. The exponents β s and β i are traditionally derived as if cities were zero-dimensional objects, with the relevant feature Y related to a single homogeneous population value N, thus neglecting the microscopic heterogeneity of the urban structure. Our findings go beyond this limit. High sensitive and repeatable satellite records yield robust local estimates of the urban scaling exponents. Furthermore, the work discusses how to discriminate among different scaling theories, shedding light on the debated issue of scaling phenomena contradictory perspectives and pave paths to a more systematic adoption of the complex system science methods to urban landscape analysis.

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Section: Data and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Atlas of urban scaling laws

Carbone

Murialdo

Pieroni³

et al. 2022

J. Phys. Complex.

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“…Building on Alexander et al's (1987) urban design experiments with collaborative improvisation and several serious games set up by Portugali (2000) to study cities as self-organizing systems, city gaming is proposed as a method for open city-making (Meyer et al, 2012). Participants gather to strategize ideas and plans in a low-risk environment.…”

Section: City Gaming For a Collaborative City Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network of Games: An Ecology of Games Informing Integral and Inclusive City Developments

Tan¹

2022

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This article analyzes possibilities for connecting individual city games for building a network of games working together. City gaming works along with the understanding that cities are self-organizing systems, influenced by multiple bottom-up and top-down actors with varying interests and powers. Affordable housing, climate adaptation, or area development are examples of urgent urban challenges city games typically focus on. The assumption is that if these specialized games could be linked, then a large game infrastructure built as a modular system, can offer various game combinations responding to urban challenges in an integral and holistic way. To test a working game network, city games, models, and digital apps have been linked through their shared datasets as well as game interfaces. Two city experiments have been conducted in two Dutch cities—Amsterdam and Breda—which enabled the testing to function as “constructive design research.” In Amsterdam (Klimaatspel) two separate city games were connected through their datasets, while in Breda (Play the Koepel) datasets and interfaces merged to create a new game. Used data models are the Energy Transition Model developed by Quintel and the urban plan cost simulator software of Urban Reality. Used game interfaces (digital and analog) include the Typeform, the Network of Games app, the Urban Reality simulator, and the Play the City table-top game format. The testing considered two different approaches for a potential game network. The first option assumes an all-encompassing digital app, reformatting and involving various games and models in a single interface. The second option is an open approach that looks to link custom-made games with existing interfaces. The second option allows both simultaneous and sequential linking. Two experiments utilizing sequential and simultaneous integration of diverse digital tools suggest that a collection of interfaces connecting to each other throughout the entire process from a digital poll to an app, a simulator or a webinar, or analog game sessions is more effective than a single mobile phone app for all potential game interactions. Considering city games as an ecology of city tools that can be linked to one another becomes through this study a concrete goal to reach. Through combining specialized games, addressing complex city challenges becomes possible. This step enables a more effective participation environment for diverse experts and non-experts.

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“…The resulting systems are resilient since they successfully transit all stages of growth, development, collapse and reorientation of this cycle. The outcomes of such processes manifest themselves in specific urban forms, patterns (morphological or functional) and physical growth, or by the emergence of new socio-spatial groups resulting from certain geographical settings or characteristics, such as houses, lots and housing blocks [8]. From a socio-political interpretation, social movements are described as self-organizing systems because they have an internal logic that arises spontaneously.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resilience and Urban Regeneration Policies. Lessons from Community-Led Initiatives. The Case Study of CanFugarolas in Mataro (Barcelona)

et al. 2021

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This paper addresses socio-ecological, community-led resilience as the ability of the urban system to progress and adapt. This is based on the socio-cultural, self-organized case study of CanFugarolas in Mataró (Barcelona), for the recovery of a derelict industrial building and given the lack of attention to resilience emerging from grassroots. Facing rigidities (stagnation) observed under the provisions of urban regeneration policies (regulatory realm), evidenced in the proliferation of urban voids (infrastructural arena), the social subsystem stands as the enabler of urban progression. Under the heuristics of the Adaptive Cycle and Panarchy, the study embraces Fath’s model to analyze the transition along, and the interactions between, the adaptive cycles at each urban subsystem. The mixed method approach reveals the ability of the community to navigate all stages and overcome successive ailments, despite seemingly insurmountable obstacles (traps) at the physical support (built stock) and the regulatory arena (urban planning). Further, cross-scale, social-centered interactions (panarchy) are also traced, becoming the “sink” and the “trigger” of the urban dynamics. The community, in the form of an actor-network, becomes the catalyst (through Remember/Revolt) of urban resilience at the city scale. At a managerial level, this evidences its temporal and spatial complementarity to top-down urban regeneration policies.

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Self-Organization and the City

Cited by 13 publications

References 68 publications

Atlas of urban scaling laws

Atlas of urban scaling laws

Network of Games: An Ecology of Games Informing Integral and Inclusive City Developments

Resilience and Urban Regeneration Policies. Lessons from Community-Led Initiatives. The Case Study of CanFugarolas in Mataro (Barcelona)

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