Self–other agreement in personality traits and profiles across cultures: A multirater, multiscale study in Blacks and Whites in South Africa

Abstract

In the framework of trait consistency research, cultural differences in self-other agreement may be limited compared to differences in perceived trait consistency, although sizable compared to differences in actual behavior consistency.

Dispositional negativity, cognition, and anxiety disorders: An integrative translational neuroscience framework

“…The psychometric structure of dispositional negativity is relatively invariant across cultures, languages, and ages, at least from elementary school onward (De Pauw, 2017; Kajonius & Giolla, 2017; McCrae, Terracciano, & Personality Profiles of Cultures, 2005; Schmitt, Allik, McCrae, & Benet-Martinez, 2007; Shiner, 2018; Soto & John, 2014; van Hemert, van de Vijver, Poortinga, & Georgas, 2002). Individual differences in dispositional negativity are highly reliable, show substantial agreement across instruments and informants, and predict objective behavioral and psychophysiological indices of anxiety in the laboratory, indicating that dispositional negativity is more than just a negative response bias (Back, Schmukle, & Egloff, 2009; Borkenau, Riemann, Angleitner, & Spinath, 2001; Brunson, Øverup, & Mehta, 2016; Buss, 1991; Connelly & Ones, 2010; Connolly, Kavanagh, & Viswesvaran, 2007; Costa & McCrae, 1988; Fetvadjiev, Meiring, van de Vijver, Nel, & De Kock, in press; Holland & Roisman, 2008; Kurtz, Puher, & Cross, 2012; McCrae & Costa, 1987; Mõttus, McCrae, Allik, & Realo, 2014; Pace & Brannick, 2010; Shackman et al, 2016c; Smith et al, 2016; Soto, John, Gosling, & Potter, 2011; Thielmann & Hilbig, in press; Vazire, 2010; Vazire & Carlson, 2010; Watson, Nus, & Wu, in press ). Indeed, core features of this phenotypic family—including increased behavioral inhibition, heightened vigilance, and other signs of fear and anxiety—are expressed similarly across mammalian species, enabling ‘mechanistic’ (i.e., focal perturbation) studies to be performed in rodents and monkeys (Boissy, 1995; Capitanio, 2018; Fox & Kalin, 2014a; Mobbs & Kim, 2015; Oler, Fox, Shackman, & Kalin, 2016; Qi et al, 2010).…”

Of Mice and Culture: How Beliefs About Knowing Affect Habits of Thinking

“…In addition to the Mouse Paradigm, participants also completed the Dialectical Self Scale (DSS), a paper-and-pencil measure of naïve dialecticism in the domain of self-perception ( Spencer-Rodgers et al, 2018a , b ). The DSS has been applied to research in various areas including the self ( Spencer-Rodgers et al, 2004 ; Chen et al, 2006 , 2013 ), personality ( Fetvadjiev et al, 2018a , b ; Na et al, 2020 ), emotions ( Sims et al, 2015 ; Hideg and Kleef, 2017 ; Lu et al, 2017b ), intergroup conflicts ( Lu et al, 2017a , 2020 ), resilience capacity ( Zheng et al, 2020 ), attitudes toward social issues ( Hideg and Ferris, 2017 ; Lee et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2020 ), employee performance ( Bai et al, 2015 ), and causal attributions ( Li et al, 2016 ). The original version in English was translated into Japanese via back translation ( Brislin, 1980 ).…”