Self-referenced interferometry for the characterization of axicon lens quality

Kupka, David; Schlup, Philip; Bartels, Randy A.

doi:10.1364/ao.47.001200

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In fact, most axicons with large cone angles can be measured by white light interferometry [20] or optical surface profilometry, such as confocal sensors [21]. The interferometer methods, such as the modified Mach-Zehnder interferometer [18], selfreferenced interferometer [22], polarization phase-shifting shearing interferometer [23] and two-beam-shearing interferometry [24], can measure the surface and cone angle of refractive axicons. In addition, the chromatic dispersion principle [25] using two coaxial laser beams with different wavelengths passing through the refractive axicon can test the large cone angle of refractive axicons.…”

Section: Interferometry Of a Reflective Axicon Surface With A Small C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferometry of a reflective axicon surface with a small cone angle using an optical inner surface

Gao

Zhang

2017

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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Reflective axicons, widely used in optical alignment and Bessel–Gauss beam generation, require a highly accurate cone angle and surface metrology. However, current methods focus on the cone angle measurement and it is still difficult to measure the surface of a reflective axicon with a small cone angle. An interferometer measurement method using an optical inner surface is proposed to obtain the surface and cone angle simultaneously. The optical axis of the axicon and the optical inner surface should align together and be parallel to the beam light from the interferometer. The interference fringe would be obtained by the optical system consisting of the axicon and the optical inner surface. The theoretical model is established and analyzed through ray tracing theory, and is verified by optical simulation software. Fabrication errors in the axicon and the inner surface, and misalignment of the measurement setup are investigated systematically and separated in the measurement process. In the experiments, the reflective axicon with a cone angle of about 90° was measured by the proposed method, the results of which show good agreement with a stylus profiler (Taylor-Hobson PGI 3D) in cone angle trend and generatrix error. Experimental results prove the feasibility of the proposed method. This economical and effective method can be widely used with all types of reflective axicons, and it can obtain the surface error map of the axicon as well as the inner cylinder at the same time. The uncertainty and resolution of the proposed method is based on the performance of the interferometer. The uncertainty of alignment angle errors is less than 10−10 rad; the lateral resolution is 53.8 µm.

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Section: Interferometry Of a Reflective Axicon Surface With A Small C...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interferometry of a reflective axicon surface with a small cone angle using an optical inner surface

Gao

Zhang

2017

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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“…Fantone tested the axicon surface by using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer [6]. There are also other methods to measure the axicon surface or cone angle [7,8], but as we all know, none of them can measure the cone angle and the absolute surface error simultaneously in a simple test setup.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Method for measuring the cone angle and the shape of the axicon simultaneously using computer-generated holograms

et al. 2015

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An axicon is an optical element with rotational symmetry and cone shape, which is nowadays widely used in many fields of engineering, like laser beam shaping, imaging systems, optical testing, laser machining, etc. In this paper, we propose a new method to measure the cone angle and the shape of the axicon simultaneously by using a computer-generated hologram. This test is performed in a null-test configuration.

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“…Specifically, the possibility to reconstruct numerically by back propagation of the diffractive field permits to display in 3D the emerging wavefront from the exit pupil up to several centimetres behind, fully characterizing in this way the beam focused by the axicon. Of course, interferometric methods have also been implemented [27,[40][41][42], but not in the holographic configuration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of Bessel beams generated by polymeric microaxicons

Merola

Coppola

Vespini

et al. 2012

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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We present a quick, simple and accurate digital holographic characterization of the Bessel beams produced by polymeric microaxicons. This technique allows the numerical reconstruction of both intensity and phase of the beam at whichever point starting from a single acquired hologram. From these data, it is possible to go back to the axicon structure, and to gather information about their characteristics. In particular, the focal length and the depth of focus of the axicon lens are experimentally measured, and the full width at half maximum of the beam is obtained too. The depth of focus, very large for a Bessel beam with respect to a Gaussian one, is successfully exploited for optical trapping of micrometric objects.

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Self-referenced interferometry for the characterization of axicon lens quality

Cited by 12 publications

References 30 publications

Interferometry of a reflective axicon surface with a small cone angle using an optical inner surface

Interferometry of a reflective axicon surface with a small cone angle using an optical inner surface

Method for measuring the cone angle and the shape of the axicon simultaneously using computer-generated holograms

Characterization of Bessel beams generated by polymeric microaxicons

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