Self-referenced sensing based on terahertz metamaterial for aqueous solutions

Wu, Xiaojun; Pan, Xuecong; Quan, Baogang; Xu, Xinlong; Gu, Changzhi; Wang, Li

doi:10.1063/1.4802236

Cited by 54 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the previous studies, the analyte is usually located in the whole area of the MM and the volume of the analyte is large [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. If we don't consider the required sample volume, the resonance frequency shift per unit refractive index change in our study (72 GHz/RIU for the multichannel design, 223 GHz/RIU for the one big channel design) is comparable to previous studies (such as, 40 GHz/RIU [13], 220 GHz/RIU [20], 305 GHz/RIU [21]).…”

Section: Experimental Details and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz Microfluidic Metamaterial Biosensor for Sensitive Detection of Small-Volume Liquid Samples

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol.

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Metamaterial assisted terahertz (THz) label-free bio-sensing has promising applications. However, the sensitive THz detection of highly absorptive liquid samples remains challenging. Here, we present a novel multi-microfluidic-channel metamaterial biosensor (MMCMMB) for highly sensitive THz sensing of small volume liquid samples. The multi-channels are set mostly in the strong electric field enhancement area of the metamaterial, which significantly decreases the liquid amount and enhances interaction between the sensing targets and the THz wave (thus increasing the sensitivity). The sensing results of isopropyl alcohol (IPA)-water mixtures and bovine serum albumin (BSA) solutions based on the bow-tie array metamaterial with multi-channels demonstrate the effectiveness of this proposed design and the great potential in THz bio-sensing. This design has the advantages of being highly sensitive, label-free, cost-effective, easy to operate and only needing a tiny liquid volume. Thus our device provides a robust route for metamaterial assisted THz label-free bio-sensing of liquid-based substances. IndexTerms-Terahertz spectroscopy, biomedical spectroscopy, metamaterial, microfluidic.

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Section: Experimental Details and Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Terahertz Microfluidic Metamaterial Biosensor for Sensitive Detection of Small-Volume Liquid Samples

Zhang

Chen

et al. 2019

IEEE Trans. THz Sci. Technol.

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“…Recently, we demonstrated the sensing of microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi using THz metamaterials [10,11]. This is possible because the LC resonant frequency (f 0 ) of the metamaterials is strongly dependent on the presence of dielectric in capacitive gaps in the structure, and a shift (Δf) of the resonant frequency occurs when the dielectric constant changes [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21]. We were able to detect the target material with unprecedented sensitivity and could count the number of microorganisms located in the gap area using a tightly defined detection volume of metamaterials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensing viruses using terahertz nano-gap metamaterials

Park

Shin

et al. 2017

Biomed. Opt. Express

160

117

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We demonstrate highly sensitive detection of viruses using terahertz split-ring resonators with various capacitive gap widths. Two types of viruses, with sizes ranging from 60 nm (PRD1) to 30 nm (MS2), were detected at low densities on the metamaterial surface. The dielectric constants of the virus layers in the THz frequency range were first measured using thick films, and the large values found identified them as efficient target substances for dielectric sensing. We observed the resonance-frequency shift of the THz metamaterial following deposition of the viruses on the surface at low-density. The resonance shift was higher for the MS2 virus, which has a relatively large dielectric constant. The frequency shift increases with surface density until saturation and the sensitivity is then obtained from the initial slope. Significantly, the sensitivity increases by about 13 times as the gap width in the metamaterials is decreased from 3 µm to 200 nm. This results from a combination of size-related factors, leading to field enhancement accompanying strong field localization.

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“…However, the widespread use of THz sensing is hampered by the lack of high‐performance THz sources and limited sensitivity due to the mismatch between the large wavelengths of THz waves (>30 μm) and the analyte sizes. Great efforts have been made on, for example, spoof plasmon surfaces that support tightly confined electromagnetic surface modes in THz range mimicking surface plasmon in the visible range , THz antennas that increase molecular absorption cross sections , THz metamaterial with artificially designed electromagnetic response , and high‐quality (Q) factor THz microstructures . A measured sensitivity of 0.52 THz/RIU was reported around a frequency of 1.7 THz in a prism coupled metal groove array .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metamaterial absorber integrated microfluidic terahertz sensors

Wen

et al. 2016

Laser & Photonics Reviews

254

130

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Spatial overlap between the electromagnetic fields and the analytes is a key factor for strong light-matter interaction leading to high sensitivity for label-free refractive index sensing. Usually, the overlap and therefore the sensitivity are limited by either the localized near field of plasmonic antennas or the decayed resonant mode outside the cavity applied to monitor the refractive index variation. In this paper, by constructing a metal microstructure array-dielectric-metal (MDM) structure, a novel metamaterial absorber integrated microfluidic sensor is proposed and demonstrated in terahertz (THz) range, where the dielectric layer of the MDM structure is hollow and acts as the microfluidic channel. Tuning the electromagnetic parameters of metamaterial absorber, greatly confined electromagnetic fields can be obtained in the channel resulting in significantly enhanced interaction between the analytes and the THz wave. A high sensitivity of 3.5 THz/RIU is predicted. The experimental results of devices working around 1 THz agree with the simulation ones well.The proposed idea to integrate metamaterial and microfluid with a large light-matter interaction can be extended to other frequency regions and has promising applications in matter detection and biosensing.2

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Self-referenced sensing based on terahertz metamaterial for aqueous solutions

Cited by 54 publications

References 22 publications

Terahertz Microfluidic Metamaterial Biosensor for Sensitive Detection of Small-Volume Liquid Samples

Terahertz Microfluidic Metamaterial Biosensor for Sensitive Detection of Small-Volume Liquid Samples

Sensing viruses using terahertz nano-gap metamaterials

Metamaterial absorber integrated microfluidic terahertz sensors

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