“…The field of chemical sensing using voltammetric sensors have grown rapidly over the past decades as these types of sensors are suitable for on-site determination of target analytes with a portable, user-friendly, and field-deployable electrochemical instrumentation (Dhanjai et al, 2018;Holmes et al, 2019;Lisak et al, 2013;Kotani et al, 2019). Moreover, voltammetric sensors are widely adopted for the determination of analytes, such as metal ions, drugs, toxins, and pesticides in trace levels for environmental monitoring, food safety, agricultural, and biomedical analysis, owing to their high sensitivity (Hayat & Marty, 2014;Lipskikh et al, 2018;Ciepiela et al, 2013;Gupta et al, 2011). Most of the voltammetric measuring setups employ a three-electrode system, comprising of a working electrode (WE), a reference electrode (RE), and a counter electrode (CE) (Jin et al, 2011;Tyszczuk-Rotko et al, 2019).…”