Self-reported Black race predicts significant prostate cancer independent of clinical setting and clinical and socioeconomic risk factors

Nettey, Oluwarotimi; Walker, Austin; Keeter, Mary Kate; Singal, Ashima; Nugooru, Aishwarya; Martin, Iman K.; Ruden, Maria; Gogana, Pooja; Dixon, Michael; Osuma, Tijani; Hollowell, Courtney M.P.; Sharifi, Roohollah; Sekosan, Marin; Yang, Ximing J.; Catàlona, William J.; Kajdacsy-Balla, André; Macias, Virgilia; Kittles, Rick A.; Murphy, Adam B.

doi:10.1016/j.urolonc.2018.06.011

Cited by 27 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Interestingly, in a study of 244 AA men from Chicago, Kittles and coworkers also found that % WA ancestry was associated with a higher risk of cancer on standard 12 core biopsy, but did not find an association between % WA ancestry and Gleason sum . A subsequent study of 287 Chicago‐area prostate biopsy patients found that WA ancestry was not predictive of cancer or GS 7‐10 cancer on biopsy . Both of the Chicago studies used the same panel of ancestry genetic markers as used in our study of patients from Birmingham Alabama and, as expected, the median WA ancestry observed in the Birmingham patients (median 82.2, IQR 73.5‐88.4) is greater than the median reported in the Chicago patients (median 78.4, IQR 69.7‐92.2 and median 80.4; IQR 70.4‐86.4 for Nyame et al and Nettey et al respectively).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

“…15 A subsequent study of 287 Chicago-area prostate biopsy patients found that WA ancestry was not predictive of cancer or GS 7-10 cancer on biopsy. 16 Comparing the relative prevalence of PrCa risk loci in AAs in Birmingham and Chicago might identify subtypes of PrCa that are more common in some AA communities than in others. In addition, an examination of potential interactions between WA ancestry and nongenetic risk factors, like obesity that are more prevalent in AAs in the South than in other parts of the US 18 may reveal modifiable variables that can be incorporated into interventions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self‐Identified African Americans and prostate cancer risk: West African genetic ancestry is associated with prostate cancer diagnosis and with higher Gleason sum on biopsy

et al. 2019

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Concerns about overtreatment of clinically indolent prostate cancer (PrCa) have led to recommendations that men who are diagnosed with low‐risk PrCa be managed by active surveillance (AS) rather than immediate definitive treatment. However the risk of underestimating the aggressiveness of a patient's PrCa can be a significant source of anxiety and a barrier to patient acceptance of AS. The uncertainty is particularly keen for African American (AA) men who are about 1.7 times more likely to be diagnosed with PrCa than European American (EA) men and about 2.4 times more likely to die of this disease. The AA population, as many other populations in the Americas, is genetically heterogeneous with varying degrees of admixture from West Africans (WAs), Europeans, and Native Americans (NAs). Recommendations for PrCa screening and management rarely consider potential differences in risk within the AA population. We compared WA genetic ancestry in AA men undergoing standard prostate biopsy who were diagnosed with no cancer, low‐grade PrCa (Gleason Sum 6), or higher grade PrCa (Gleason Sum 7‐10). We found that WA genetic ancestry was significantly higher in men who were diagnosed with PrCa on biopsy, compared to men who were cancer‐negative, and highest in men who were diagnosed with higher grade PrCa (Gleason Sum 7‐10). Incorporating WA ancestry into the guidelines for making decisions about when to obtain a biopsy and whether to choose AS may allow AA men to personalize their approach to PrCa screening and management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self‐Identified African Americans and prostate cancer risk: West African genetic ancestry is associated with prostate cancer diagnosis and with higher Gleason sum on biopsy

et al. 2019

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“…A multi-cohort study of 306,100 patients with prostate cancer did not find any significant association between black ethnicity and the disease [ 21 ]. However, Nettey et al [ 22 ] revealed that the frequency of prostate cancer was high in the black population compared to the non-black population. The results of a meta-analysis by Adeloye et al [ 23 ] showed a median incidence rate of prostate cancer of 19.5/100,000 in a population from the African region, which was higher when compared to Asian [ 15 ], European [ 24 ], or American populations.…”

Section: Prostate Cancer—etiology and Pathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Factors and Prostate Cancer Development, Progression, and Reduction

et al. 2021

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Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one of the most important health problems of modern societies. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the role of nutrients and foodstuff consumption in the etiology and development of prostate malignancies, including the potential mechanisms of action. The results of several in vivo and in vitro laboratory experiments as well as those reported by the clinical and epidemiological research studies carried out around the world were analyzed. The outcomes of these studies clearly show the influence of both nutrients and food products on the etiology and prevention of prostate cancer. Consumption of certain nutrients (saturated and trans fatty acids) and food products (e.g., processed meat products) leads to the disruption of prostate hormonal regulation, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and alteration of growth factor signaling and lipid metabolism, which all contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. On the other hand, a high consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, and whole grain products exerts protective and/or therapeutic effects. Special bioactive functions are assigned to compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes, and lycopene. Since the influence of nutrients and dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor in the development and prevention of prostate cancer, awareness of the beneficial and harmful effects of individual food ingredients is of great importance in the global strategy against prostate cancer.

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“…For black men during the same time period, it is expected that prostate cancer will account for approximately 30% of all new cancer cases and 15% of all cancer deaths, one of the largest racial disparities of any cancer type [ 2 ]. Even when adjusting for clinical and socioeconomic risk factors, black men have a disproportionate burden of aggressive prostate cancer [ 3 ], suggesting that biological factors may also contribute.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family history of prostate cancer and prostate tumor aggressiveness in black and non-black men;results from an equal access biopsy study

Jenkins¹,

Oyekunle

Howard

et al. 2021

Cancer Causes Control

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Purpose To test for racial differences in associations between family history (FH) of prostate cancer (PC) and prostate cancer aggressiveness in a racially diverse equal access population undergoing prostate biopsy. Subjects/patients and methods We prospectively enrolled men undergoing prostate biopsy at the Durham Veterans Administration from 2007 to 2018 and assigned case or control status based on biopsy results. Race and FH of PC were self-reported on questionnaires. Logistic regression was used to test the association between FH and PC diagnosis overall and by tumor aggressiveness [high- (Grade Group 3–5) or low-grade (Grade Group 1–2) vs. no cancer], overall, and stratified by race. Models were adjusted for age and year of consent, race, PSA level, digital rectal exam findings, prostate volume, and previous (negative) biopsy receipt. Results Of 1,225 men, 323 had a FH of PC and 652 men were diagnosed with PC on biopsy. On multivariable analysis, FH was associated with increased odds of high-grade PC in black (OR 1.85, p = 0.041) and all men (OR 1.56, p = 0.057) and was unrelated to overall or low-grade PC diagnosis, overall, or stratified by race (all p ≥ 0.325). In sensitivity analyses among men without a previous biopsy, results were slightly more pronounced. Conclusion In this setting of equal access to care, positive FH of PC was associated with increased tumor aggressiveness in black men, but not non-black men undergoing prostate biopsy. Further research is required to tease apart the contribution of genetics from increased PC awareness potentially influencing screening and biopsy rates in men with FH.

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Self-reported Black race predicts significant prostate cancer independent of clinical setting and clinical and socioeconomic risk factors

Cited by 27 publications

References 22 publications

Self‐Identified African Americans and prostate cancer risk: West African genetic ancestry is associated with prostate cancer diagnosis and with higher Gleason sum on biopsy

Self‐Identified African Americans and prostate cancer risk: West African genetic ancestry is associated with prostate cancer diagnosis and with higher Gleason sum on biopsy

Dietary Factors and Prostate Cancer Development, Progression, and Reduction

Family history of prostate cancer and prostate tumor aggressiveness in black and non-black men;results from an equal access biopsy study

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