Self-reported Physical Activity and Cardiovascular Events in Adults With CKD: Findings From the CRIC (Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort) Study

Physical activity and nutrition in chronic kidney disease

“…They were then followed up for a median length of 10.1 years with the primary endpoint being an atherosclerotic composite. Being physically active at guideline levels was associated with a 28% [hazard ratio, 0.72 (95% CI 0.61–0.95)] reduction in the risk of an atherosclerotic event compared with being inactive (which was defined as 0 min per week of moderate-to-vigorous leisure activity) [12 ▪▪ ]. The relationship between higher physical activity and reduced cardiovascular risk persisted even after controlling for traditional cardiovascular risk factors including blood pressure, dyslipidaemia and hyperglycaemia.…”

“…However, recent data continues to support the levels of activity recommended in the guidelines [12 ▪▪ ]. Bruinius et al [12 ▪▪ ] analysed data from 3939 individuals with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20–70 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ]. Participants were asked to self-report levels of physical activity biennially by characterizing time spent in levels of activity during a typical week.…”

“…Critics of these recommendations were that they were largely based on data from the general population, therefore, the strength of evidence has been graded as moderate or low [11]. However, recent data continues to support the levels of activity recommended in the guidelines [12 ▪▪ ]. Bruinius et al [12 ▪▪ ] analysed data from 3939 individuals with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 20–70 ml/min/1.73 m 2 ].…”

“…&]. Participants aimed for 90 min per week (3 Â 30 min sessions) of moderate intensity cycling (RPE of[12][13][14], which was supervised by a dedicated research rehabilitation team. Adherence to the programme was over 70% and they observed significant reduction in left ventricular mass compared with the control group (between group reduction of À11.1 g, P < 0.001 for between-group change) and improvement in other measures of cardiovascular health[17 & ].…”

The “adult inactivity triad” in patients with chronic kidney disease: A review

“…And then, Beddhu et al ( 22 ) surveyed participants with CKD in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, and the data showed that 29.0 and 30.8% were inactive (no reported leisure time physical activity) and insufficiently active (not inactive and did not meet the criteria for recommended levels of physical activity), respectively. Recently Bruinius et al ( 23 ) reported that 3,926 participants in the Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (a study of adults with mild to moderate CKD) study, using time-updated self-reported physical activity to characterize time spent in various physical activities during a typical week over the past month, and about 50% overall also met physical activity guidelines; within this, compared to the lowest moderate to vigorous physical activity quartile, those in the highest quartile were younger, male, did not have prevalent cardiovascular disease, and had an estimated glomerular filtration rate was higher. It is essential to consider that population-based physical activity surveys are primarily questionnaires or self-reports, subject to recall error, and the actual situation may be lower than the reported results.…”