Self-Supported Carbon Electrodes with a Carbon Membrane and Co₃O₄ Nanosheets for High-Performance Enzymeless Glucose Detection and Supercapacitors

Abstract

Self-supported carbon electrodes have been intensively explored in the fields of materials chemistry, energy storage, and conversion due to the unique features of carbon materials. Herein, we report a facile strategy to construct a freestanding carbon membrane (CM) electrode consisting of a microfiltration CM and two-dimensional (2D) ultrathin Co 3 O 4 nanosheets (NSs), which is successfully applied as an efficient and binder-free carbon electrode in the electrochemical applications of enzyme-free glucose detection and supercapacitors. Owing to the inherent structural merits, including the three-dimensional (3D) interconnected porous network in the membrane, structural integrity, high conductivity, and the well-dispersed and in situ growth of 2D Co 3 O 4 NSs, the obtained Co 3 O 4 NSs/CM demonstrated superior electrochemical performances and excellent long-term operation stability. Our present work paves the path to fabricate low-cost and efficient carbon electrodes with a rational structure design for multifunctional materials.

Efficient Hybrid Process of Fenton–Electrocatalytic Membrane Reactor–Biological Aerated Filter for the Treatment of Nanofiltration Retentate from Landfill Leachate without Concentrated Liquor Discharge

“…Recently, we developed an efficient technology of the electrocatalytic membrane reactor (ECMR) via coupling the EAOPs and membrane separation based on the microfiltration (MF) membranes as anodes for the wastewater treatment and organic electrosynthesis. 21−28 The nanocatalysts of metal oxides were anchored in the micropores of carbon-based or Ti-based membranes for the construction of membrane electrodes, 29,30 which can facilitate the generation of • OH via discharge of water molecules on the anode under a low-voltage electric field. 30 The porous membrane anode in a flow-through configuration enhances the electrochemical active surface area and facilitates the mass transfer via a convection-enhanced diffusion, which can dramatically improve the activity of ECMR toward the electrocatalytic oxidation of organics.…”

“…On the other hand, the electrochemical advanced oxidation processes (EAOPs) have been demonstrated as efficient methods for the degradation of biorefractory pollutants recently, which would become dominant in the near future. ,− The EAOPs exhibit prominent advantages for the treatment of wastewater, , including high efficiency, easy operation and mild operating conditions, and versatility; especially, it can be powered through renewable energy from sunlight or wind. Recently, we developed an efficient technology of the electrocatalytic membrane reactor (ECMR) via coupling the EAOPs and membrane separation based on the microfiltration (MF) membranes as anodes for the wastewater treatment and organic electrosynthesis. − The nanocatalysts of metal oxides were anchored in the micropores of carbon-based or Ti-based membranes for the construction of membrane electrodes, , which can facilitate the generation of • OH via discharge of water molecules on the anode under a low-voltage electric field . The porous membrane anode in a flow-through configuration enhances the electrochemical active surface area and facilitates the mass transfer via a convection-enhanced diffusion, which can dramatically improve the activity of ECMR toward the electrocatalytic oxidation of organics. ,, Recently, we developed a multistage fixed-bed electrocatalytic reactor (FBER) as a novel ECMR process to treat landfill leachate.…”

Rod-Shaped Spinel Co3O4 and Carbon Nitride Heterostructure-Modified Fluorine-Doped Tin Oxide Electrode as an Electrochemical Transducer for Efficient Sensing of Hydrazine

“…Apart from the chemical properties of Co 3 O 4 , their morphology and microstructure can modify the sensor performance. Co 3 O 4 nanosheets for glucose, Co 3 O 4 nanocolumn structures for H 2 O 2 , Co 3 O 4 nanosheets for lead ion determination are a few such instances. − To sense HA, the previous attempts made include porous Co 3 O 4 nanowires, Co 3 O 4 nanostructures, urchin-shaped Co 3 O 4 , Co 3 O 4 nanoneedle bundles, and chrysanthemum-like Co 3 O 4 structures. − Indeed, according to these studies, the morphology of the material has a major role in modifying the sensor performance, since the rapid formation of catalytically active surface sites, their number, specific surface area, and porosity are influenced by the morphology. − Heterostructure formation is deemed as another strategy to improve the Co 3 O 4 -based HA sensors. − …”