Semantic Annotation of RESTful Services Using External Resources

Abstract

Abstract. Since the advent of Web 2.0, RESTful services have become an increasing phenomenon. Currently, Semantic Web technologies are being integrated into Web 2.0 services for both to leverage each other strengths. The need to take advantage of data available in RESTful services in the scope of Semantic Web evidences the difficulties to cope with syntactic and semantic description of the services.In this paper we present an approach to tackle the problem of automatic the semantic annotation of RESTful services using a cross-domain ontology, a semantic resource (DBpedia) and additional external resources (suggestion and synonyms services) to annotate the parameters of the RESTful services. We also present a preliminary evaluation that proves the feasibility of our approach and highlights that it is possible to carry out this semantic annotation with satisfactory results.

Enhancing Workspace Composition by Exploiting Linked Open Data as a Polymorphic Data Source

“…It is only based on the literature and is an ad-hoc solution for the specific problem. Thus, one aspect that could be addressed in the future is the improvement of the algorithm by investigating techniques as, for example, NLP approaches [12,13], to improve the annotation accuracy and to annotate non-annotable attributes (e.g., the numerical attributes). Finally, user studies are planned to evaluate the benefits of a polymorphic data source.…”

“…cannot be annotated because it is impossible to infer the classes from numerical values. As described in the Future Work Section, this limit can be overcome by combining the proposed approach with natural language processing of the attribute name [12,13].…”

“…To overcome the limits of manual methods, different semi-automatic approaches have been proposed. For example, two different solutions reported in [12,13] annotate services with DBpedia classes and their attributes with DBpedia properties based on syntactical matching and other natural language processing techniques. Although the fact that these approaches seem promising, they still require the intervention of an expert to set-up the system by adding low-level APIs details [12] and, mostly, the presence of WSDL service descriptors that are not available for all Web APIs and that still require a heavy manual effort.…”

User-defined semantics for the design of IoT systems enabling smart interactive experiences

“…For example, the METEOR-S framework provides support to semi-automatically annotate Web services with concepts of domain-specific ontologies [53]. Automatic approaches have been proposed also to annotate RESTful Web services [61] and services in the cloud [59]. Since full-manual annotation would require a significant effort, these approaches certainly ease entity annotation; however, their precision is not accurate.…”