Semi‐quantitative estimation of cellular SiO₂nanoparticles using flow cytometry combined with X‐ray fluorescence measurements

Abstract

In this study, we have demonstrated feasibility of a semi-quantitative approach for the estimation of cellular SiO 2 nanoparticles (NPs), which is based on the flow cytometry measurements of their normalized side scattering intensity. In order to improve our understanding on the quantitative aspects of cell-nanoparticle interactions, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray fluorescence experiments were carefully performed for the HeLa cells exposed to SiO 2 NPs with different core diameters, hydrodynamic sizes, and surface charges. Based on the observed relationships among the experimental data, a semi-quantitative cellular SiO 2 NPs estimation method from their normalized side scattering and core diameters was proposed, which can be applied for the determination of cellular SiO 2 NPs within their size-dependent linear ranges. V C 2014 International Society for Advancement of Cytometry

Quantifying the level of nanoparticle uptake in mammalian cells using flow cytometry

“…The regulation of cellular uptake is especially important in the delivery of nanomedicine, where researchers try to reduce non-specific uptake by precise surface modification. 26 The analytical techniques employed to measure nanoparticle uptake are quite diverse 7,27 including transmission electron microscopy (EM), [28][29][30] inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), 31 ICP-atomic emission spectrometry, 26 microplate reader, 32,33 flow cytometry, 5,29,[34][35][36][37][38] confocal microscopy, 5 transmission X-ray microscopy, 39 whole cell tomography, 40 confocal Raman microscopy, 41 and hyperspectral imaging. 42,43 These can be broadly classified into three approaches: EM techniques such as transmission EM (TEM) and scanning EM (SEM), ICP-based techniques, and fluorescence-based techniques such as microplate reader, flow cytometry, and confocal imaging.…”

“…Forward and side scattering vary upon the size and complexity of the particles, respectively. The introduction of nanoparticles, such as TiO 2 , ZnO, SiO 2 , and Ag, to cells significantly increases side scatter, leading to side scattering often being used to quantify nanoparticle uptake in mammalian cells 35,45,46 and bacteria. 47 In addition, other cellular statuses, such as reactive oxygen species production and genotoxicity, can be measured in parallel using fluorescence channels.…”

Heterogeneity in Biodistribution and Cytotoxicity of Silver Nanoparticles in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Human Cells

“…Apart from the differences in SSC and PI intensities, the FSC intensity of each population also displayed distinct features ( Figure 1b). FSC intensity is proportional to the size of cells, and changes in FSC intensity of treated cells in comparison to control cells reflect the swelling or shrinking of cells and may also provide us some hints about the toxicity of the treatment [16,24]. In the Ag 40 -treated sample, while the average FSC intensity of Type I cells was approximately 6 × 10 6 a.u.…”

2015 Atomic Spectrometry Update – a review of advances in X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and their applications

“…A clearly enhanced sputter yield for the irradiated nanowires compared with bulk was observed, which was also corroborated by simulations showing a maximum if the ion range matched the nanowire diameter. Choi et al 410 estimated cellular SiO 2 NPs using ow cytometry combined with XRF measurements. Martinez-Criado et al 404 studied the local structure of a crossed Ga 2 O 3 /SnO 2 multiwire architecture with nanometre resolution.…”