Semiconductors as Effective Electrodes for Dye Sensitized Solar Cell Applications

Self-Assembled Materials Incorporating Functional Porphyrins and Carbon Nanoplatforms as Building Blocks for Photovoltaic Energy Applications

“…Compared to similar ZnO-based devices with power efficiency of up to 1.6%, ZnO nanotube-based cells showed exceptional photovoltage, but the higher surface area may absorb excess dye molecules (Martinson et al, 2007). Besides ZnO, some other binary metal oxides, such as Fe 2 O 3 , ZrO 2 , Nb 2 O 5 , Al 2 O 3 , and CeO 2, and ternary compounds, such as SrTiO 3 and Zn 2 SnO 4 , have been also studied and tested as photoelectrodes in DSSC, but their efficiency is significantly lower with respect to that of TiO 2 (Moharam et al, 2021).…”

Polyaniline/Nickle oxide hole transport layers to increase stability and efficiency of regular perovskite solar cells

“…The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of HPSCs has improved from 3.1 3 to 25.8% within a decade 4 . One of the most important parts in high‐performance HPSCs is the hole transport layer (HTL), which is responsible for hole collection and transfer 5,6 . Many efficient n‐i‐p HPSCs have used standard HTL such as 2,2', 7,7'‐tetrakis(N,N‐dimethoxyphenylamine)‐ 9,9'‐spirobifluorene (Spiro‐OMeTAD) doped with lithium salts 7‐9 .…”

“…4 One of the most important parts in highperformance HPSCs is the hole transport layer (HTL), which is responsible for hole collection and transfer. 5,6 Many efficient n-i-p HPSCs have used standard HTL such as 2,2', 7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-dimethoxyphenylamine)-9,9'spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD) doped with lithium salts. [7][8][9] These salts can easily absorb humidity because of its hygroscopic property, which accelerates the decomposition of the perovskite material, resulting in HPSC instability.…”

Reduced Graphene Oxide/Bi2O3 Composite as a Desirable Candidate to Modify the Electron Transport Layer of Mesoscopic Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Nowadays, renewable energy has become an important topic for many nations in the world in order to minimize the impact of pollution and to replace the traditional fossil fuels. − Among renewable sources, the solar source has drawn significant interest from the solar cell community for processing and performance . Different solar cells have been developed in recent decades, for instance, dye-sensitized solar cells, organic solar cells, thin-film solar cells, quantum dots solar cells, silicon solar cells, and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). , Presently, PSCs based on organometal halides have been the fastest-growing photovoltaic (PV) due to their unique optoelectronic characteristics and the low manufacturing cost of such PVs . The certified efficiency of PSC has increased from 3.9% up to 25%, which makes it a promising candidate for competing with silicon solar cells .…”

“…1−3 Among renewable sources, the solar source has drawn significant interest from the solar cell community for processing and performance. 4 Different solar cells have been developed in recent decades, for instance, dye-sensitized solar cells, 5 organic solar cells, 6 thin-film solar cells, 7 quantum dots solar cells, 8 silicon solar cells, 9 and perovskite solar cells (PSCs). 10,11 Presently, PSCs based on organometal halides have been the fastest-growing photovoltaic (PV) due to their unique optoelectronic characteristics and the low manufacturing cost of such PVs.…”