Sensing system of environmental perception technologies for driverless vehicle: A review of state of the art and challenges

Chen, Qiping; Xie, Yinfei; Guo, Shifeng; Bai, Jie; Shu, Qiang

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2021.112566

Cited by 91 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…The emergence of driver-less electric vehicles undoubtedly brings opportunities and challenges to all walks of life. Some media [101,102] believe that the emergence of driverless vehicles is clearly an opportunity to facilitate people's future lives and promote the development of the industries, but some researchers [103,104] believe that the emergence of driver-less technology is undoubtedly a challenge at this stage, and many problems are difficult to solve at this stage of science and technology-for example, the variability of traffic flows or the complexity of the transport environment.…”

Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Project: The Method to Solve Practical Problems for the Monitoring and Control of Driver-Less Electric Transport Vehicles in the Underground Mines

Wang

et al. 2021

WEVJ

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With the continuous development of Artificial Intelligence technology and Internet of Things engineering, more and more driver-less vehicles have been developed and put into industrial production. The birth of driver-less vehicles undoubtedly brings new vitality to a large amount of industries, particularly in transportation. For the mining industry, transportation is undoubtedly an extremely important link in the whole production process. If the driver-less vehicles can be applied to the underground mines, it can not only improve the production and transportation capacity of the whole mine but also can reduce the occurrence of many mine safety accidents. ZigBee WSN technology can play a greater role in the narrow environment such as underground mines according to the relevant literature; this concept paper, similar to an engineering project plan, mainly tries to integrate the ZigBee WSN technology and the communication-based train control (CBTC) system to explore the possibility of the driver-less vehicles to be used in the underground mines, which aims to solve practical engineering problems for the engineering projects. As the mining engineers, we put forward the concept of this integrated system in this concept paper, but we need to continue to work hard for the future of the underground mines. This concept paper serves as a guide to Tossing out a brick to get a jade gem, and it has a few implications for the development of underground mine transportation.

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Section: Discussion and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineering Project: The Method to Solve Practical Problems for the Monitoring and Control of Driver-Less Electric Transport Vehicles in the Underground Mines

Wang

et al. 2021

WEVJ

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“…Single sensor often has insufficient perception, resulting in false detection and missed detection. The sensing range of environmental sensing system is expanded by fusing with other sensors [31,32]. In the sensor fusion system, the selection and combination of sensors directly affect the reliability and robustness of environmental perception of IVs, as well as vehicle production costs.…”

Section: Environmental Perception System Securitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A review on key challenges in intelligent vehicles: Safety and driver‐oriented features

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2021

IET Intelligent Trans Sys

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The huge advantages of intelligent vehicles (IVs) in improving road safety and operating efficiency have become a research focus in the industry. IVs have made significant progress in recent years, but it is still face great challenges in order to be accepted by users on a large scale. In this regard, the authors propose that the research of IVs can be developed along the lines of safety, comfort and economy, gradually overcoming existing dilemmas. First of all, security is the most basic requirement of IVs. The authors sort out the key technologies and challenges of the basic architecture of IVs, and propose existing attack and defences strategies for IVs information security technology. Secondly, comfort is more about people's subjective feelings. From two aspects of physiological comfort and psychological comfort, the paper studies the anthropomorphic decision-making to overcome the mechanized speed control, human computer interaction design, personalized driving style and ethical decision-making methods. Then, aiming at the micro-and macro-levels of economy, it outlines technologies such as economic driving behavioural, collaborative control of people, vehicles and roads and IVs sharing. Finally, the authors summarized the challenges and future development directions in the three stages of IVs development.

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“…Although a large number of enterprises and universities have carried out research on the unmanned operation of agricultural machinery, there are few studies on 3D pedestrian detection [7] in farmland based on heterogeneous cameras, and related datasets are also scarce. Thus, in this section, we mainly summarize research from aspects of depth estimation, 3D object detection, and datasets related to agriculture and 3D object detection.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

3D Pedestrian Detection in Farmland by Monocular RGB Image and Far-Infrared Sensing

Tian¹,

Deng²,

Yin³

et al. 2021

Remote Sensing

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The automated driving of agricultural machinery is of great significance for the agricultural production efficiency, yet is still challenging due to the significantly varied environmental conditions through day and night. To address operation safety for pedestrians in farmland, this paper proposes a 3D person sensing approach based on monocular RGB and Far-Infrared (FIR) images. Since public available datasets for agricultural 3D pedestrian detection are scarce, a new dataset is proposed, named as “FieldSafePedestrian”, which includes field images in both day and night. The implemented data augmentations of night images and semi-automatic labeling approach are also elaborated to facilitate the 3D annotation of pedestrians. To fuse heterogeneous images of sensors with non-parallel optical axis, the Dual-Input Depth-Guided Dynamic-Depthwise-Dilated Fusion network (D5F) is proposed, which assists the pixel alignment between FIR and RGB images with estimated depth information and deploys a dynamic filtering to guide the heterogeneous information fusion. Experiments on field images in both daytime and nighttime demonstrate that compared with the state-of-the-arts, the dynamic aligned image fusion achieves an accuracy gain of 3.9% and 4.5% in terms of center distance and BEV-IOU, respectively, without affecting the run-time efficiency.

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Sensing system of environmental perception technologies for driverless vehicle: A review of state of the art and challenges

Cited by 91 publications

References 92 publications

Engineering Project: The Method to Solve Practical Problems for the Monitoring and Control of Driver-Less Electric Transport Vehicles in the Underground Mines

Engineering Project: The Method to Solve Practical Problems for the Monitoring and Control of Driver-Less Electric Transport Vehicles in the Underground Mines

A review on key challenges in intelligent vehicles: Safety and driver‐oriented features

3D Pedestrian Detection in Farmland by Monocular RGB Image and Far-Infrared Sensing

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