Sensitive and absolute absorption measurements in optical materials and coatings by laser-induced deflection technique

Mühlig, Christian; Bublitz, Simon

doi:10.1117/1.oe.51.12.121812

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…To verify the calibration procedure, separate reflectance, transmission, absorption and scattering measurements have been performed for different materials and coatings to proof the energy balance. The results have confirmed that within measurement accuracy, a value of 1 has been obtained for the energy balance in each of the investigations [9].…”

Section: Absolute Calibrationsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…Here, in contrast, only one probe beam is guided centrally through the middle of the irradiated area at a position closest to the coated sample surface (Figure 5b). The resulting deflection in the direction of the pump beam allows for detecting the surface absorption virtually free of the sample's bulk absorption [9]. Therefore, the horizontal concept is an alternative choice in particular for investigating anti-reflecting or partially reflecting coatings, where typically both bulk and coating absorption are present in the measurement signal for the classic vertical concept.…”

Section: Horizontal Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Absolute Absorption Measurements in Optical Coatings by Laser Induced Deflection

Bublitz

Mühlig

2019

Coatings

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Absolute measurement of residual absorption in optical coatings is steadily becoming more important in thin film characterization, in particular with respect to high power laser applications. A summary is given on the current ability of the laser induced deflection (LID) technique to serve sensitive photo-thermal absorption measurements combined with reliable absolute calibration based on an electrical heater approach. To account for different measurement requirements, several concepts have been derived to accordingly adapt the original LID concept. Experimental results are presented for prominent UV and deep UV laser wavelengths, covering a variety of factors that critically can influence the absorption properties in optical coatings e.g., deposition process, defects and impurities, intense laser irradiation and surface/interface engineering. The experimental findings demonstrate that by combining high sensitivity with absolute calibration, photo-thermal absorption measurements are able to be a valuable supplement for the characterization of optical thin films and coatings.

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Section: Absolute Calibrationsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Horizontal Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absolute Absorption Measurements in Optical Coatings by Laser Induced Deflection

Bublitz

Mühlig

2019

Coatings

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“…The validity of this calibration approach has been verified through separate measurements of reflectance, transmittance, absorptance, and scattering for different materials and coatings. The results of these energy balance measurements confirmed that in terms of measurement accuracy, a value of 1 was obtained in each of the investigations [33]. The calibration procedure itself is composed of measuring the probe beam deflection as a function of the electric power.…”

Section: Direct Absorption Measurementssupporting

confidence: 76%

Linear and Nonlinear Absorption of Titanium Dioxide Films Produced by Plasma Ion-Assisted Electron Beam Evaporation: Modeling and Experiments

et al. 2020

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Titanium dioxide films were prepared by plasma ion-assisted electron beam evaporation. Linear optical properties were investigated in terms of spectrophotometry using the beta-distributed oscillator (ß_do) model as a parametrized dispersion law. The nonlinear two-photon absorption coefficient of titanium dioxide was determined by means of the laser-induced deflection technique at a wavelength of 800 nm. The obtained values of (2–5) × 10−11 cm/W were consistent with published experimental values for rutile as well as for simulations performed in the frames of the ß_do and Sheik–Bahae models.

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“…The LID signal difference between both measurements is assigned to origin from the coating. For electrical calibration of surface/coating absorption, the surface heating element has been placed on top of an uncoated thin substrate before attaching it to the fused silica cube. Subsequently, absolute coating absorption is achieved by using the surface/coating calibration coefficient and the coating LID signal.…”

Section: Properties Of Nanoporous Sio2 Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Properties of Nanoporous SiO₂ Films for Single Layer Antireflection Coating

et al. 2019

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Single layer antireflection coatings (SLAR) consisting of nanoporous silica (NP SiO 2 ) films are developed by selective chemical etching of atomic layer deposited (ALD) Al 2 O 3 :SiO 2 composite films. The reflective index of the final NP SiO 2 film is finely adjusted from 1.132 to 1.400 at 600 nm wavelength by applying an appropriate ratio in the composite. To meet the requirements of the SLAR coatings from the deep UV (DUV) to the near IR (NIR) spectral range, the film thickness is controlled with nanometer precision by the ALD process. The SLAR are simultaneously applied on both sides of flat or highly curved substrates. Transmittance values above 99.4% are achieved even at a wavelength of 193 nm on fused silica substrates. Various characterization methods demonstrate the advantages of these SLAR with regard to impurities, optical losses, laser induced damage threshold (LIDT) properties, and surface super-hydrophilicity. The absorption losses at 193 nm wavelength as determined by laser induced deflection measurements amount to approximately 200 ppm, and to approximately 2 ppm at a wavelength of 1064 nm, while the scattering losses are around 30 ppm at 532 nm wavelength for quarter-wave layers. The LIDT values at 1064 nm are in the range of 93 J cm À2 being close to the values measured on the uncoated substrate.

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Sensitive and absolute absorption measurements in optical materials and coatings by laser-induced deflection technique

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Absolute Absorption Measurements in Optical Coatings by Laser Induced Deflection

Absolute Absorption Measurements in Optical Coatings by Laser Induced Deflection

Linear and Nonlinear Absorption of Titanium Dioxide Films Produced by Plasma Ion-Assisted Electron Beam Evaporation: Modeling and Experiments

On the Properties of Nanoporous SiO₂ Films for Single Layer Antireflection Coating

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Sensitive and absolute absorption measurements in optical materials and coatings by laser-induced deflection technique

Cited by 13 publications

References 19 publications

Absolute Absorption Measurements in Optical Coatings by Laser Induced Deflection

Absolute Absorption Measurements in Optical Coatings by Laser Induced Deflection

Linear and Nonlinear Absorption of Titanium Dioxide Films Produced by Plasma Ion-Assisted Electron Beam Evaporation: Modeling and Experiments

On the Properties of Nanoporous SiO2 Films for Single Layer Antireflection Coating

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On the Properties of Nanoporous SiO₂ Films for Single Layer Antireflection Coating