Sensitive and Selective Determination of Riboflavin in Food and Pharmaceutical Samples Using Manganese (III) Tetraphenylporphyrin Modified Carbon Paste Electrode

Abstract

A chemically modified electrode was constructed by incorporating manganese (III) tetraphenyl porphyrine into a carbon paste matrix. The modified electrode was used as a sensitive electrochemical sensor for measuring of riboflavin. The constructed electrode exhibited catalytic properties for the electro-oxidation of riboflavin and lowered the over potential for the oxidation of this compound; consequently, the corresponding peak currents of riboflavin increased significantly. The modified electrode showed a near-Nernstian behavior for electro-oxidation of riboflavin hence, it could be a suitable voltammetric sensor for the fast and easy determination of riboflavin. A linear response in concentration range 1.0 × 10 −8 -1.0 × 10 −5 M was obtained with a detection limit of 8.0 × 10 −9 M (S /n = 3) for the determination of riboflavin. The electrode showed long-term stability and the standard deviation of the slope obtained after repeated calibration during a period of 3 months was 3.5% (n = 10). The modified electrode was used for differential pulse voltammetric determination of riboflavin in pharmaceutical and food samples.

Vitamins in wine: Which, what for, and how much?

“…Upon transduction, the signal is converted into an electronic signal, therefore becoming usable for further processing (Grieshaber et al., 2008). Biosensors have been proved efficient in the detection of wine‐related vitamins in several matrixes, including biotin (Kergaravat et al., 2012; Martín‐Yerga et al., 2017; Polese et al., 2014), folic acid (Arvand & Dehsaraei, 2013; Boström Caselunghe & Lindeberg, 2000; Jamali et al., 2014), inositol (Rajaram et al., 2020; Yang et al., 2006), pyridoxine (Mostafa, 2003; Vaze & Srivastava, 2008), riboflavin (Caelen et al., 2004; Khaloo et al., 2016), and thiamine (Akyilmaz et al., 2006; Halma et al., 2017), as well as the determination of ascorbic contents in several samples, including wine, relying on the use of platinum and carbon paste electrodes (Pisoschi et al., 2011). Methods relying on the use of biosensors capable of the simultaneous detection of B‐ and C‐group vitamins have been established, although limited in number (Baghizadeh et al., 2015; Baś et al., 2011; Gao et al., 2008; Nie et al., 2013, 2014; Revin & John, 2012).…”

Sensitive and selective determination of vitamin B2 in non-alcoholic beverage and milk samples at poly (glutamic acid)/zinc oxide nanoparticles modified carbon paste electrode

“…Furthermore, it promotes cell growth and regeneration [ 8 ]. It cannot be synthesized in the human body and therefore must be obtained from dietary sources such as vegetables, fruit, drug, liver, cheese, milk, meat and eggs [ 6 , 9 , 12 ]. The Recommended Dietary Allowance of riboflavin ranges from 1.0 to 1.3 mg/d for adults and even higher amounts are advised to pregnant and lactating women [ 7 , 13 , 14 ].…”

“…Various analytical methods have been developed for the identification and quantification of vitamin B2 such as spectrophotometry [ 16 , 17 ], high performance liquid chromatography [ 18 ], capillary electrophoresis [ 19 , 20 ], liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry [ 21 ], fluorimetry [ 22 ] and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry [ 23 ]. Although these methods provide high accuracy and low detection limits, they require time-consuming procedures, expensive reagents and sophisticated measuring equipment [ 6 , 8 , 9 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Fabrication of a Novel Electrochemical Sensor Based on Carbon Cloth Matrix Functionalized with MoO3 and 2D-MoS2 Layers for Riboflavin Determination

“…Supplemental RF intake appears to have a protective effect on various medical conditions such as sepsis, ischemia and at the same time it also helps to reduce the risk of certain forms of cancer in humans and has anti-oxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, anti-nociceptive properties [ 15 ]. RF is found in most foods, with the highest content in dairy products, meat, and dark green vegetables [ 17 , 18 ]. Thus, due to the importance of this vitamin, a large number of data are found in the literature about its electrochemical determination [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ].…”