Sensitive CH_4 detection applying quantum cascade laser based optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

Lang, N.; Macherius, U.; Wiese, M.; Zimmermann, H.; Röpcke, J.; Helden, J. H. van

doi:10.1364/oe.24.00a536

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Consequently, the optical cavity is used to both greatly increase the optical pathlength through the sample and enhance the measured signal intensity, resulting in very low detection limits being achievable [18,24]. Initially, NIR diode lasers were used as sources [25,26], but recently OF-CEAS instruments based on quantum and interband cascade lasers have also been reported [27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of HO₂in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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Cold non-equilibrium atmospheric pressure plasma jets are increasingly applied in material processing and plasma medicine. However, their small dimensions make diagnosing the fluxes of generated species a challenge. Here we report on the detection of the hydroperoxyl radical, HO 2 , in the effluent of a plasma jet by the use of optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy. The spectrometer has a minimum detectable absorption coefficient a min of´-2.25 10 10 cm −1 with a 100 second acquisition, equivalent to´-5.5 10 cm 12 3 of HO 2 (under ideal conditions). Concentrations in the range of (3.1-7.8)×1013 cm −3 were inferred in the 4 mm wide effluent of the plasma jet.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of HO₂in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

et al. 2016

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“…Finally, the validation of the performance of the OF-CEAS modules is demonstrated by high sensitive detection of CH 4 . In Figure 10 , a typical cavity transmission spectrum of CH 4 at 1353 cm −1 averaged over 1000 scans of a sample at a pressure of 300 hPa with 300 ppb CH 4 in N 2 , used as buffer gas, is presented [ 22 ]. For about 45 ms, the cw-QCL locked to about 100 successive cavity modes with a locking time of about 430 μs, which is much longer than the ring-down time of the cavity being typically below 10 μs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This detection limit has been essentially improved up to the ppt range applying optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 ]. In OF-CEAS, the self-locking of a laser to an optical cavity is used not only to increase the optical path length but also to enhance the cavity transmitted power [ 23 , 24 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RES-Q-Trace: A Mobile CEAS-Based Demonstrator for Multi-Component Trace Gas Detection in the MIR

Lang

Macherius

Zimmermann

et al. 2018

Sensors

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Sensitive trace gas detection plays an important role in current challenges occurring in areas such as industrial process control and environmental monitoring. In particular, for medical breath analysis and for the detection of illegal substances, e.g., drugs and explosives, a selective and sensitive detection of trace gases in real-time is required. We report on a compact and transportable multi-component system (RES-Q-Trace) for molecular trace gas detection based on cavity-enhanced techniques in the mid-infrared (MIR). The RES-Q-Trace system can operate four independent continuous wave quantum or interband cascade lasers each combined with an optical cavity. Twice the method of off-axis cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OA-CEAS) was used, twice the method of optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OF-CEAS), respectively. Multi-functional software has been implemented (i) for the general system control; (ii) to drive the four different laser sources and (iii) to analyze the detector signals for concentration determination of several molecular species. For the validation of the versatility and the performance of the RES-Q-Trace instrument the species NO, N2O, CH4, C2H4 and C3H6O, with relevance in the fields of breath gas analysis and the detection of explosives have been monitored in the MIR with detection limits at atmospheric pressure in the ppb and ppt range.

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“…This simplifies the signal processing and makes the sensor operation more convenient [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. There are many types of CEAS that have been reported in the literature, such as optical-feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OF-CEAS) [ 4 , 15 , 16 , 17 ], incoherent broadband cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (IBBCEAS) [ 18 , 19 ], off-axis cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy (OA-CEAS) [ 20 , 21 ], and noise-immune cavity-enhanced optical-heterodyne molecular spectroscopy (NICE-OHMS) [ 22 , 23 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repetitively Mode-Locked Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (RML-CEAS) for Near-Infrared Gas Sensing

Zheng

et al. 2017

Sensors

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A Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH)-based mode-locked cavity-enhanced sensor system was developed using a distributed feedback diode laser centered at 1.53 µm as the laser source. Laser temperature scanning, bias control of the piezoelectric ceramic transducer (PZT) and proportional-integral-derivative (PID) feedback control of diode laser current were used to repetitively lock the laser modes to the cavity modes. A gas absorption spectrum was obtained by using a series of absorption data from the discrete mode-locked points. The 15 cm-long Fabry-Perot cavity was sealed using an enclosure with an inlet and outlet for gas pumping and a PZT for cavity length tuning. The performance of the sensor system was evaluated by conducting water vapor measurements. A linear relationship was observed between the measured absorption signal amplitude and the H2O concentration. A minimum detectable absorption coefficient of 1.5 × 10–8 cm–1 was achieved with an averaging time of 700 s. This technique can also be used for the detection of other trace gas species by targeting the corresponding gas absorption line.

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Sensitive CH_4 detection applying quantum cascade laser based optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Detection of HO₂in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

Detection of HO₂in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

RES-Q-Trace: A Mobile CEAS-Based Demonstrator for Multi-Component Trace Gas Detection in the MIR

Repetitively Mode-Locked Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (RML-CEAS) for Near-Infrared Gas Sensing

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Sensitive CH_4 detection applying quantum cascade laser based optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

Cited by 34 publications

References 11 publications

Detection of HO2in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

Detection of HO2in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

RES-Q-Trace: A Mobile CEAS-Based Demonstrator for Multi-Component Trace Gas Detection in the MIR

Repetitively Mode-Locked Cavity-Enhanced Absorption Spectroscopy (RML-CEAS) for Near-Infrared Gas Sensing

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Detection of HO₂in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy

Detection of HO₂in an atmospheric pressure plasma jet using optical feedback cavity-enhanced absorption spectroscopy