Sensitive determination of vincristine in plasma of children with leukaemia using vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent

Abstract

Vincristine has a wide spectrum of clinical activity and is currently used in the treatment of leukemia.

Sensitive determination of daunorubicin in plasma of children with leukemia using pH-switchable deep eutectic solvents and HPLC-UV analysis

“…These solvents have been characterized in previous studies and their synthesis in our laboratory was according to the agenda of previous studies. For this purpose, nine DESs including DES-I (MTOAC: n -butanol, 1:3) [ 14 ], DES-II ( l -menthol:EG, 1:1) [ 15 ], DES-III ( l -menthol:SA, 4:1) [ 22 ], DES-IV ( l -menthol:CSA, 5:1) [ 23 ], DES-V ( l -menthol:phenol, 1:1) [ 24 ], DES-VI ([DMIM]Cl:1-undecanol, 1:2) [ 25 ], DES-VII ([DMIM]Cl: n -butanoic acid, 1:2) [ 18 ], DES-VIII (TBAC: p -aminophenol, 1:2) [ 26 ] and DES-IX (thymol:decanoic acid, 1:2) [ 27 ] were synthesized and investigated. The DESs features, along with their references, are presented in Table 1 .…”

“…To overcome the problem of toxic extraction solvents in DLLME, the use of organic solvents lighter than water [ 10 ], ionic liquids (ILs) [ 11 ], supramolecular [ 12 ] and deep eutectic solvents (DESs) [ 13 ] have been replaced. DESs are a new class of extraction solvents obtained from renewable sources, characterized by a significant melting point reduction compared to their constituents [ 14 ]. DESs are easily obtained by mixing one compound as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) with another compound as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) [ 15 ].…”

Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents as Greener Substitutes for Conventional Extraction Media: Examples and Techniques

“…In recent times, vortex-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction complemented by HDES was implemented for the extraction of vincristine alkaloids from the plasma of children suffering from leukemia in tandem with HPLC-UV. 29 For the synthesis of the HDESs, methyltrioctylammonium chloride (MTOAC) was chosen as the hydrogen bond acceptor, with several alcohols as hydrogen bond donors, namely, n -nonanol, n -heptanol, n -butanol, glycerol, and ethylene glycol. After optimization, all the DESs were prepared in a 1:3 molar ratio, among which MTOAC: n -butanol showed satisfactory results for the extraction of vincristine.…”

A novel microextraction technique aided by air agitation using a natural hydrophobic deep eutectic solvent for the extraction of fluvastatin and empagliflozin from plasma samples: application to pharmacokinetic and drug–drug interaction study

“…41,42 Moreover, DESdriven methodologies have been successfully employed for the analysis of biological specimens, particularly plasma, serum, and urine. [43][44][45] To improve the efficiency of the microextraction procedure, air was introduced as a component. The Air-Assisted Dispersive Liquid-Liquid Microextraction (AA-DLLME) method offers notable advantages in terms of its simplicity, ecofriendliness, cost-effectiveness, and time efficiency when compared to traditional DLLME techniques.…”