Sensitive Electrochemical Determination of NADH Using an Electrode Fabricated by Intercalation of Tetrabutylammonium Ions Into Graphite Electrode

Abstract

In this study, we present a strategy for the specific electrochemical detection of NADH in human blood serums using modified electrode fabricated by intercalation of tetrabutylammonium ions (TBA+) into pencil graphite electrode (TBA+/PGE). In order to implement this protocol, a modification process in the potential range (−0.2) to (−2.75) V was performed in DMSO containing 0.1 M TBAP by CV method. The characterization processes of the prepared sensor were carried out using CV, EIS, FT‐IR, XPS, and SEM methods. The electrode fabricated by intercalation of TBA+ was found to be able to analyze NADH at +0.32 V applied potential by the amperometric method. The LOD was detected as 0.46 μM. The analysis results of human blood serums which are taken from healthy individuals show that TBA+/PGE can be used for real samples. The results indicated that TBA+/PGE can be easily fabricated by one‐step and one‐pot electrochemical method and TBA+/PGE can be used as a potential sensor for the NADH determination.

Highly sensitive voltammetric determination of NADH based on N-CQDs decorated SnO2/ionic liquid/carbon paste electrode

“…There have been a great number of studies reported about designing sensors to determine NADH, due to its significant role as a major contributor to the electron transfer reactions in living cells and participant in most other enzyme reactions [54,55]. The oxidation behavior of NADH and folic acid is depended on the pH value of the solution.…”

Heteroatom-doped graphene oxide-based conductive ink: synthesis, characterization and investigation of the conductivity properties for flexible sensor technology

“…26,27 On the other hand, when the S2p spectrum was examined, these peaks were observed at 165.0, 168.88, and 170.05 eV indicating the presence of C–S–C and C–SO x –C– ( x : 2, 3) sub-bindings, respectively. 28–30 In light of all this information, it can be concluded that S-GO powders were successfully synthesized in the synthesis.…”

Flow injection assays for NADH and ethanol using photosensitized rose bengal and luminol–copper (II) chemiluminescence system

“…Quantitative analyses of NADH in diverse samples can be performed using different instrumental techniques namely colourimetry/ spectrophotometry [7][8][9], spectrophotofluorometry [10][11][12], capillary electrophoresis [13,14], reversed phase-high pressure liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) with ultraviolet (UV) [15], mass spectrometry (MS) [16], and MS/MS [17] detectors, ion-chromatography-MS (IC-MS) [18], amperometry [19][20][21][22][23][24], voltammetry [3,25,26], and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) [27][28][29][30] combined with flow injection (FI) technique and/or batch methods and conductance ratiometry [31]. Although, a few of these methodologies offer good sensitivity and precision, but need lengthy procedures, considerable amounts of solvents, complex equipment, multiple steps of sample preprocessing and long investigation times.…”