Sensitive profiling of biogenic amines in human urine by capillary electrophoresis with field amplified sample injection

Abstract

In order to monitor biogenic amines in human urine, a method based on field-amplified sample injection combined with capillary electrophoresis and direct UV absorption detection was developed. Dopamine, tyramine, tryptamine, serotonin and epinephrine were effectively separated and identified in human urine samples, and detection limits were 0.072, 0.010, 0.027, 0.010 and 0.120 µmol/L, respectively. Detection limits comparable to laser-induced fluorescence detection or solid phase extraction combined with capillary electrophoresis were achieved. Parameters affecting electrophoretic system detection sensitivity were investigated. Optimal separation conditions were obtained using as background electrolyte a pH 6.5 mixture of 2-(morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid 20 mmol/L and 30 mmol/L phosphate buffer, containing 0.05% hydroxypropylcellulose and 10% v/v methanol. Injections of the sample solution were performed by applying a voltage of 12 kV for 50 s. Recovery and accuracy ranged between 89.4 and 94.9%, and 89 and 112%, respectively. The method was successfully applied on actual urine samples (from a healthy volunteer): target bioamine content was consistent with endogenous levels reported in the literature. The proposed method is simple, fast and inexpensive and can be conveniently employed in work-related stress studies. The affordability and noninvasive sampling of the method allow epidemiological studies on large number of exposed persons to be performed.

Dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction of dopamine, epinephrine and norepinephrine from biological samples based on green deep eutectic solvents and Fe3O4@MIL-100 (Fe) core–shell nanoparticles grafted with pyrocatechol

“…5,6 Common methods for the determination of DA, EP and NE include chemiluminescence, fluorimetry, ultraviolet-visible spectrometry, and capillary electrophoresis. [7][8][9][10] Because of their electrochemical activity, they can also be determined with electrochemical methods. Electrochemical techniques have advantages such as low limit of detection, high speed and accuracy.…”

Contemporary sample stacking in analytical electrophoresis

“…Bacaloni et al. presented a new FASI‐CE method to analyze biogenic amines in human urine. Dopamine, tyramine, tryptamine, serotonin, and epinephrine were separated in a BGE consisting of 20 mM MES and 30 mM phosphate with 0.05% hydroxypropylcellulose at pH 6.5 in 10% methanol.…”

Recognition and Quantification of Some Monoamines Neurotransmitters

“…Lack of dopamine levels in the body can cause Parkinson,s disease, highly altered levels of dopamine activity cause schizophrenia . On the other hand, there are several methods reported in the literature for the quantification of DA comprising voltammetry , UHPLC , HPLC , GC , capillary electrophoresis , fluorimetry , electrochemiluminescence , all of these methods are of highly costly, time consuming and involve derivatization steps. Biosensors and potentiometric sensors have also been reported.…”

“…5‐HT is popularly thought to be a contributor to feelings of well‐being and happiness . The most widely used methods for the quantification of serotonin are UHPLC , HPLC , GC , capillary electrophoresis , voltammetry and fluorimetry . So far, there is no potentiometric sensor for quantification of serotonin in the literature.…”

“…The word adrenaline is used in common parlance to denote increased activation of the sympathetic system associated with the energy and excitement of the fight‐or‐fight response . The reported methods for the determination of adrenaline are voltammetry , UPLC , HPLC , capillary electrophoresis and fluorimetry . Also there is no potentiometric sensor for the determination of adrenaline so far.…”