“…Therefore, various fluorophores with different excitation and emission wavelengths, such as coumarin [30,31], pyrene [32,33], 1, 8-naphthalimide [34,35], xanthenes [36,37], squaraine [38], cyanine [39], boron dipyrromethene difluoride (BODIPY) [40], and nitrobenzofurazan [41], have been employed to develop various chemical sensors. Among the developed fluorophores, rhodamine and its derivatives [42,43] employ an ideal framework in the construction of fluorescent probes due to their excellent spectroscopic properties including high fluorescence quantum yield, large molar extinction coefficient, and visible wavelength excitation [44][45][46][47]. Based on the principle of metal coordination-induced spirolactam ring-opening of rhodamine, a large number of probes have been reported for the detection of various metal ions, such as Fe 3+ , Hg 2+, Cu 2+ , Sn 4+ , Sn 2+ , Zn 2+ , Pb 2+ , and Cd 2+ [48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55].…”