Sensitivity of submersed freshwater macrophytes and endpoints in laboratory toxicity tests

Arts, G.H.P.; Belgers, J.D.M.; Hoekzema, Conny H.; Thissen, J.T.N.M.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2007.07.019

Cited by 65 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The study shows that M. aquaticum, when adapted to the submerged state, is suitable for a standard macrophyte test species and could be a complement to the Lemna test of high informative value. In particular, the root length endpoint shows within this biotest a high sensitivity to the tested herbicides (see also [33]). Finally, this study put a spotlight on the growth behavior of aquatic macrophytes, in particular amphibious ones, and its consequences for ecotoxicological tests.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of heterophylly on the sensitivity of Myriophyllum aquaticum biotests

Ebke¹,

Felten

Dören³

2013

Environ Sci Eur

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Parrot feather (Myriophyllum aquaticum) is an amphibious macrophyte with an inducible heterophylly. M. aquaticum plants adapted to the emersed state have leaves with a distinct cuticle and water repellent properties. In contrast M. aquaticum plants adapted to the submerged state have leaves typical for submerged hydrophytes with a strongly reduced cuticle. The aim of the study was to evaluate if this heterophylly of M. aquaticum affects the results of macrophyte biotests. Therefore, the two model substances atrazine and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) were tested each with three M. aquaticum biotests, the only modified parameter being the adaptation time to submergence (0, 7, 28 days). Results: Root length was the most sensitive growth endpoint regarding the test substances atrazine and 2,4-D. Biotests with plants adapted to the submerged state show three times more sensitive results (EC50 7d 142.2 μg/L, EC50 28d 154.5 μg/L) than biotests with plants without an adaptation phase (EC50 0d 458.8 μg/L) in case of atrazine and five times more sensitive results (EC50 28d 46.9 μg/L, EC50 0d 246.3 μg/L) in case of 2,4-D. Apart from the differences in sensitivity, the differently adapted M. aquaticum plants show a completely different growth behavior. The growth rates based on shoot length were nearly ten times higher in the biotests with not adapted M. aquaticum plants than in the biotests with plants 28 days adapted to submergence. Additional measurements of the quantum yield of PSII could demonstrate that rapid growth in length is not based on photosynthetic carbon assimilation. Conclusions: The heterophylly of M. aquaticum affects significantly the sensitivity of aquatic macrophyte biotests and should be taken into account in the development of a standardized test design. The 2,4-D results show the importance of an additional macrophyte biotest to the Lemna test, where the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) value is more than 30 times lower (7 μg/L) than the NOEC value of Lemna in the literature (270 μg/L). Furthermore, the growth rate endpoint in macrophyte biotests should not be misinterpreted. Rapid shoot elongation of amphibious macrophytes, which become submerged, is mainly caused by ethylene-triggered endogenous processes that are not connected to photosynthetic carbon assimilation and appear to be part of a stress reaction to avoid adverse environmental conditions.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of heterophylly on the sensitivity of Myriophyllum aquaticum biotests

Ebke¹,

Felten

Dören³

2013

Environ Sci Eur

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For the determination of phytotoxic effects in pure bulk sediments, a new sediment contact test with M. aquaticum was developed by Feiler et al (2004). Various endpoints have been discussed for assessing toxic effects to freshwater plants, such as chlorophyll fluorescence, biomass and length of shoots and roots (Getsinger et al 1982;Hanson et al 2001;Feiler et al 2004;Knauer et al 2006;Arts et al 2007;Küster et al 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing growth development of Myriophyllum spp. in laboratory and field experiments for ecotoxicological testing

Knauer

Mohr

Feiler

2008

Environ Sci Pollut Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…On day 7 and 11 DAA, there was branch chlorosis in all the tested concentrations; on day 21 DAA it was possible to observe the loss of sustainability capacity of the young branches; and on day 30 DAA there was total necrosis of the young branches in all concentrations (Table 1). These phyto-intoxication signs also occurred with Elodea canadensis, Elodea nuttallii and Potamogeton crispus when exposed to asulam herbicide (Arts et al, 2008) and with C. demersum when exposed to diquat (Garlich et al, 2016b).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…On day 60 after application (DAA), production of green biomass, plant length (cm), and plant dry biomass were measured, as recommended by Arts et al (2008). To obtain dry mass (g), the plants were kept in a greenhouse with forced air circulation at 65.0 o C until getting constant weight.…”

Section: Effectiveness Experiments For H Verticillata Submerged Macrmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFECTIVENESS OF DIQUAT, BOTH ISOLATED AND ASSOCIATED WITH COPPER SOURCES IN CONTROLLING THE Hydrilla verticillata SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES AND ANKISTRODESMUS Gracilis microphyte

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of diquat, both isolated and associated with copper sources (oxychloride and hydroxide) in controling the H. verticillata submerged macrophyte and the A. gracilis microalgae. For this purpose, 10.0 cm H. verticillata young branches and 300 mL of A. gracilis culture were used. The experiments were performed in laboratory and the tested diquat concentrations were: 0.1; 0.2; 0.4; 0.8; 1.2; and 1.8 mg L -1 , either isolated or added with 1.0% copper oxychlorideand hydroxide, as well as a control sample. On day 3, 7, 11, 21 and 30 after application, phytotoxicity signs were evaluated and on day 60 after application, green and dry biomass production and plant length were measured. To obtain dry mass, plants remained in a greenhouse with forced air circulation at 65.0 o C, until constant weight. On day 1, 7, 15, 21, 30, 45 and 60 after application, the concentration of chlorophyll a in the water was assessed. The herbicide diquat used alone or in combination with sources copper oxychloride and hydroxide was effective in the control of H. verticillata and microalgae A. gracilis.Keywords: chemical control, water plant, eutrophication, phytotoxicity, chlorophyll a. RESUMO -O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a eficácia do diquat isolado e em mistura com fontes de cobre (hidróxido e oxicloreto) para o controle da macrófita submersa

show abstract

Sensitivity of submersed freshwater macrophytes and endpoints in laboratory toxicity tests

Cited by 65 publications

References 42 publications

Impact of heterophylly on the sensitivity of Myriophyllum aquaticum biotests

Impact of heterophylly on the sensitivity of Myriophyllum aquaticum biotests

Comparing growth development of Myriophyllum spp. in laboratory and field experiments for ecotoxicological testing

EFFECTIVENESS OF DIQUAT, BOTH ISOLATED AND ASSOCIATED WITH COPPER SOURCES IN CONTROLLING THE Hydrilla verticillata SUBMERGED MACROPHYTES AND ANKISTRODESMUS Gracilis microphyte

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About