Sensitivity of Vadose Zone Water Fluxes to Climate Shifts in Arid Settings

Pfletschinger, Heike; Prömmel, Kerstin; Schüth, Christoph; Herbst, Michael; Engelhardt, Irina

doi:10.2136/vzj2013.02.0043

Cited by 12 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Similarly, changes in groundwater recharge in response to the expansion of rainfed cultivation in the Sahel, West Africa, were evaluated by Ibrahim et al (2014). Another related application is to anticipate the sensitivity of groundwater recharge to changes in climate in response to greenhouse effects (e.g., Leterme et al, 2012; Newcomer et al, 2014; Pfletschinger et al, 2014; Wine et al, 2015). Additional applications of HYDRUS for evaluating groundwater recharge are given below in the Groundwater Recharge Applications section and on the HYDRUS website.…”

Section: Selected Hydrus Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The largest number of HYDRUS papers in VZJ simulated subsurface water fluxes and groundwater recharge (e.g., Dickinson et al, 2014; Pfletschinger et al, 2014; Rieckh et al, 2014; Turkeltaub et al, 2014; Fan et al, 2015; and Guber et al, 2015). Of these, Guber et al (2015) used HYDRUS‐2D to evaluate a new subsurface water retention technology consisting of subsurface polyethylene membranes installed within the soil profile to improve root‐zone water storage and to limit downward recharge fluxes.…”

Section: Selected Hydrus Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

Šimůnek

Genuchten

Šejna³

2016

Vadose Zone Journal

748

336

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The HYDRUS-1D and HYDRUS (2D/3D) computer software packages are widely used finite-element models for simulating the one-and two-or three-dimensional movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media, respectively. In 2008, Šimůnek et al. (2008b) described the entire history of the development of the various HYDRUS programs and related models and tools such as STANMOD, RETC, ROSETTA, UNSODA, UNSATCHEM, HP1, and others. The objective of this manuscript is to review selected capabilities of HYDRUS that have been implemented since 2008. Our review is not limited to listing additional processes that were implemented in the standard computational modules, but also describes many new standard and nonstandard specialized add-on modules that significantly expanded the capabilities of the two software packages. We also review additional capabilities that have been incorporated into the graphical user interface (GUI) that supports the use of HYDRUS (2D/3D). Another objective of this manuscript is to review selected applications of the HYDRUS models such as evaluation of various irrigation schemes, evaluation of the effects of plant water uptake on groundwater recharge, assessing the transport of particle-like substances in the subsurface, and using the models in conjunction with various geophysical methods.Abbreviations: CRS, cosmic-ray sensing; EC, electrical conductivity; ERT, electrical resistivity tomography; FEM, finite element mesh; GPR, ground-penetrating radar; GUI, graphical user interface; TDT, time-domain transmissometry.The HYDRUS-1D and HYDRUS (2D/3D) software packages (Šimůnek et al., 2008b) are finite-element models for simulating the one-and two-or three-dimensional movement of water, heat, and multiple solutes in variably saturated media, respectively. The standard versions, as well as various specialized add-on modules, of the HYDRUS programs numerically solve the Richards equation for saturated-unsaturated water flow and convection-dispersion type equations for heat and solute transport. The flow equation incorporates a sink term to account for water uptake by plant roots as a function of water and salinity stress. Both compensated and uncompensated water uptake by roots can be considered. The heat transport equation considers movement by both conduction and convection with flowing water. The governing convection-dispersion solute transport equations are written in a relatively general form by including provisions for nonlinear, nonequilibrium reactions between the solid and liquid phases and linear equilibrium reactions between the liquid and gaseous phases. The transport models also account for convection and dispersion in the liquid phase as well as diffusion in the gas phase, thus permitting the models to simulate solute transport simultaneously in both the liquid and gaseous phases. Hence, both adsorbed and volatile solutes, such as pesticides and fumigants, can be considered.The solute transport equations further incorporate the effects of zero-order production, first-o...

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Section: Selected Hydrus Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Selected Hydrus Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

Šimůnek

Genuchten

Šejna³

2016

Vadose Zone Journal

748

336

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…When hydrologic data are available, they offer the capability to calibrate vadose zone properties in models. Hydraulic data come in the form of in situ soil moisture from sensors (Mertens et al, 2006; Pfletschinger et al, 2014; Verbist et al, 2012), satellite soil moisture (Santanello et al, 2007), subsurface drainage flows (Mertens et al, 2006; Rasoulzadeh and Yaghoubi, 2014; Vrugt et al, 2004), and surface runoff (Verbist et al, 2012; Vrugt et al, 2004) each being applied as calibration targets for automated vadose zone hydraulic parameter calibration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Inverse Modeling of Soil Hydraulic Properties in a Two‐Layer System and Comparisons with Measured Soil Conditions

Thomas

Schilling

Amado

et al. 2017

Vadose Zone Journal

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Core Ideas Soil hydraulic properties were inverse modeled to in situ soil water content. The most appropriate soil property depths were identified. Best‐fit soil parameter depths compared well with characterized soil stratigraphy. Site‐specific monitoring and subsurface boundary conditions improved performance. Modeling of spatial and vertical variability in soil hydraulic properties is a pervasive dilemma in computational hydrology. In an effort to provide guidance in inverse modeling of soil hydraulic properties, this study (i) calibrated soil hydraulic properties, for different soil layer depths, to measured soil moisture, (ii) identified the best‐suited soil thickness through validation, and (iii) post‐validated the resulting best‐fit soil properties and layer depth to the observed soil stratigraphic conditions. Soil property depths were varied to identify the most important stratigraphic features in soil water modeling. Statistical and graphic goodness‐of‐fit measures indicated that calibration and validation simulations performed better at shallow depths and generally worsened with depth. A comparison of differences in modeled soil layering at two field sites reflected differences in the observed soil stratigraphic conditions. Comparison with in situ soil stratigraphy indicated the importance of soil horizon changes and human‐induced alterations to the near‐surface soils. These results indicate that soil moisture dynamics can be effectively modeled using basic soil input data and inverse methods. However, to improve model performance, a site‐specific field monitoring campaign is needed to properly account for the effects of soil stratigraphy and boundary conditions.

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“…Available measured hydrologic data over time offers the capability to calibrate vadose zone properties. In-situ soil moisture sensors (Mertens et al 2006;Pfletschinger et al 2014;Verbist et al 2012), satellite soil moisture (Santanello et al 2007), subsurface drainage (Mertens et al 2006;Rasoulzadeh and Yaghoubi 2014;Vrugt et al 2004), and surface runoff (Verbist et al 2012;Vrugt et al 2004) have been applied as calibration targets for automated hydraulic parameter calibration or inverse modeling within the vadose zone. Over parameterization through inverse modeling of soil hydraulic properties presents itself through solution nonuniqueness.…”

Section: A Future Direction Of Model Calibration and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Residual saturation was not identified as significantly different from zero (Verbist et al 2012), resulting from low sensitivities to water content variations and runoff production. A residual saturation close to zero best approximates exceedingly dry periods better, producing more appropriate hydraulic parameter estimates (Pfletschinger et al 2014).…”

Section: Parameter Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating the hydrologic impact of distributed flood mitigation practices, tile drainage, and terraces in an agricultural catchment

Thomas¹

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In 2008 flooding occurred over a majority of Iowa, damaging homes, displacing residents, and taking lives. In the wake of this event, the Iowa Flood Center (IFC) was charged with the investigation of distributed flood mitigation strategies to reduce the frequency and magnitude of peak flows in Iowa. This dissertation is part of the several studies developed by the IFC and focused on the application of a coupled physics based modeling platform, to quantify the coupled benefits of distributed flood mitigation strategies on the reduction of peak flows in an agricultural watershed. Additional investigation into tile drainage and terraces, illustrated the hydrologic impact of each commonly applied agricultural practice. The effect of each practice was represented in numerical simulations through a parameter adjustment. Systems were analyzed at the field scale, to estimate representative parameters, and applied at the watershed scale. The impact of distributed flood mitigation wetlands reduced peak flows by 4 % to 17 % at the outlet of a 45 km 2 watershed. Variability in reduction was a product of antecedent soil moisture, 24-hour design storm total depth, and initial structural storage capacity. The highest peak flow reductions occurred in scenarios with dry soil, empty project storage, and low rainfall depths. Peak flow reductions were estimated to dissipate beyond a total drainage area of 200 km 2 , approximately 2 km downstream of the small watershed outlet. A numerical tracer analysis identified the contribution of tile drainage to stream flow (QT/Q) which varied between 6 % and 71 % through an annual cycle. QT/Q responded directly to meteorological forcing. Precipitation driven events produced a strong positive logarithmic correlation between QT/Q and drainage area. The addition of precipitation into the system saturated near surface soils, increased lateral soil water v movement, and reduced the contribution of instream tile flow. A negative logarithmic trend in QT/Q to drainage area persisted in non-event durations. Simulated gradient terraces reduced and delayed peak flows in subcatchments of less than 3 km 2 of drainage area. The Hydrographs were shifted responding to rainfall later than non-terraced scenarios, while retaining the total volumetric outflow over longer time periods. The effects of dense terrace systems quickly dissipated, and found to be inconsequential at a drainage area of 45 km 2. Beyond the analysis of individual agricultural features, this work assembled a framework to analyze the feature at the field scale for implementation at the watershed scale. It showed large scale simulations reproduce field scale results well. The product of this work was, a systematic hydrologic characterization of distributed flood mitigation structures, pattern tile drainage, and terrace systems facilitating the simulation of each practices in a physically-based coupled surface-subsurface model.

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Sensitivity of Vadose Zone Water Fluxes to Climate Shifts in Arid Settings

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

Recent Developments and Applications of the HYDRUS Computer Software Packages

Inverse Modeling of Soil Hydraulic Properties in a Two‐Layer System and Comparisons with Measured Soil Conditions

Simulating the hydrologic impact of distributed flood mitigation practices, tile drainage, and terraces in an agricultural catchment

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