“…Observation of changes in soil properties and building materials caused by frost is the subject of research activities in several countries, especially the Nordic countries. Research activities are focused mainly on frost heaves (Long et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2014;Zhou et al, 2018), water freezing in porous materials (Kou et al, 2018;Lu et al, 2019;Zhang & Liu, 2018;BÄ
k & Chmielewski, 2019), thermal-technical parameters of soils and building materials (He et al, 2017;Kömle et al, 2007Kömle et al, , 2010Gnip et al, 2001). Significant results of Canadian research (Fredlund, 2019;Pentland, 2000;Soliman et al, 2008;Tam, 2009) led to the development of the SoilVision software (Fredlund, 2011) which addresses various problematic processes occurring in soils.…”