Separation and analysis of molecular species of mycolic acids inNocardia and related taxa by gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Yano, Ikuya; Kageyama, Katsuhiro; Ohno, Yoshimi; Masui, Masamiki; Kusunose, Emi; Kusunose, Masamichi; Akimori, Norimi

doi:10.1002/bms.1200050104

Cited by 68 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The G+C content of the DNA is 62-63%, and the mycolic acids have 68 to 82 carbon atoms. These findings also show that the isolates belong to the genus Mycobacterium (1, 6,7,19,20). The isolates were phenetically distinguished from all named species of mycobacteria.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Mycobacterium fortuiturn Subspecies acetamidolyticum, a New Subspecies of Mycobacterium fortuiturn

Tsukamura

Yano²,

Imaeda³

1986

Microbiology and Immunology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mycobacterium fortuitum subspecies acetamidolyticum is a new subspecies of M. fortuitum and has an intermediate growth rate. It is a nonphotochromogenic mycobacterium. It does not utilize glutamate but utilizes acetamide as a simultaneous nitrogen and carbon source. It is able to utilize acetate, malate, pyruvate, fumarate, glucose, fructose, and n-propanol as the sole sources of carbon in the presence of ammoniacal nitrogen, but does not utilize them in the presence of glutamate-nitrogen. It is easily differentiated from all rapidly growing mycobacteria by its inability to utilize glutamate as a simultaneous nitrogen and carbon source, and from all slowly growing mycobacteria by its capacity to utilize acetamide as a simultaneous nitrogen and carbon source. Its mycolic acid pattern is different from that of M. fortuitum. However, its deoxyribonucleic acid showed 94% relatedness with that of M. fortuitum. In view of the above findings, it has been designated as a new subspecies of M. fortuitum. The organism was isolated from sputum of a 56-year-old patient with lung disease and is considered to be a lung pathogen. The type strain is ATCC 35931 (NCH E11620).In the course of a search for mycobacteria in sputa of patients with lung disease, we found a new type of mycobacterium that was considered to be a lung pathogen. The organism belongs to the nonphotochromogenic mycobacteria with an intermediate growth rate and is differentiated by its phenetic characters and mycolic acid pattern from all named mycobacterial species, but showed a close relatedness with Mycobacterium fortuitum in the DNA relatedness study. MATERIALS AND METHODSNumerical analysis. Three isolates were obtained from sputum of a patient with lung disease and were compared with all named species except Mycobacterium leprae, M. lepraemurium, and M. paratuberculosis, which are auxotrophic mycobacteria. For comparison with rapidly growing mycobacteria, 104 characters were used (11).

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Mycobacterium fortuiturn Subspecies acetamidolyticum, a New Subspecies of Mycobacterium fortuiturn

Tsukamura

Yano²,

Imaeda³

1986

Microbiology and Immunology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the positions of the double bonds in mycolic acids from C. uurantiucu are not known, they may rcsemble those of Nocardia or Rhodococci, since several species of the above genera possess highly unsaturated mycolic acids up t o hexaenoate [16]. This should be examined in the near future.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Separation and analysis of novel polyunsaturated mycolic acids from a psychrophilic, acid‐fast bacterium, Gordona aurantiaca

Tomiyasu

Yano

1984

European Journal of Biochemistry

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

More than 30 molecular species of highly unsaturated mycolic acids, ranging from C,, to C,, and possessing between two and seven double bonds, have been obtained from a new genus of acid-fast bacteria, Gordona aurantiaca. They were fully separated and identified as their trimethylsilyl ether derivatives by a combination of silica gel thinlayer chromatography (TLC), argentation thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). On silica gel thin-layer chromatography two adjacent spots, corresponding to mycolic acids possessing different structures of straight-chain and a-alkyl branch, were detected. The lower spot was separated by argentation TLC into four subclasses : monoenoic (including a small amount of saturated), dienoic, trienoic and tetraenoic mycolic acids ranging from c 6 2 to C,, and possessing a CI6 0, C,, or C20 alkyl branch at the C-2 position. The upper spot was separated by argentation TLC into five subclasses: dienoic (including a small amount of monoenoic), trienoic, tetraenoic, pentaenoic and hexaenoic (heptaenoic) acids ranging from c 6 4 to C78 and possessing a C,, or Czo alkyl branch at the C-2 position. These types of mycolic acid structure differ from those reported previously in Mycobacteria and Nocardia, in the numbers of both carbon atoms and double-bonds and the intermediate length of the cc-alkyl branch. The characteristic polyenoic structure of the straight-chain alkyl unit was also confirmed by GC/MS analysis of the meromycolaldehydes obtained after pyrolysis of the methyl mycolates. The major aldehydes obtained from the lower-spot mycolic acids were C,,, C46, C48, C50 and C,,, centering at C, , , while those from the upper-spot mycolic acids were C,,, C,,, C,,, C54 and C56, centering at C54. These aldehydes were also shown to possess between two and four double bonds in the lower-spot and between two and seven double bonds in the higherspot mycolic acids, respectively. The physiological role of such highly polyunsaturated mycolic acids in psychrophilic acid-fast bacteria is discussed.Mycolic acids (very-long-chain a-alkyl-P-hydroxy fatty acids) are the most characteristic component in the cell wall lipids of 'acid-fast' bacteria such as Mycobacteria and related taxa such as Nocardia, Rhodococcus and Corynebacteria [I -91. The structure of the mycolic acids varies greatly with the genera or species, particularly with respect to the hydrophobicity or acid-fastness of the cell walls. Therefore, they are recognized as not only being useful for chemotaxonomy, but also important physiologically. In general, mycobacterial cells grown under suitable conditions show strong acid-fastness in the acid-fast staining, while Nocardia and Rhodococcus manifest acid-fastness only weakly or partly [lo].Recently, Tsukamura et al. isolated a strongly acid-fast pathogenic bacterium, comparable to Mycobacteria, from the human sputum; the generic name Gordona aurantiaca was suggested [l 11. Taxonomical studies showed this species was situated at an intermediate position between M...

show abstract

“…, 1972, 1978). Complete mycolic acid patterns of named corynebacteria, nocardiae and rhodococci have now been obtained by the analysis of methyl mycolates by mass spectrometry (Collins et al, 1982;Minnikin et al, 1978) and of trimethylsilyl derivatives of methyl mycolates by both GLC and GLC-MS (Corina & Sesardic, 1980;Gailley et al, 1982;Tomiyasu, 1982;Yano et al, 1972Yano et al, , 1978. The use of t-BDMS ethers of methyl mycolates is also an attractive technique since such derivatives are stable to moisture and give relatively simple mass spectra with intense ions suitable for rapid and sensitive SIR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mycolic acids, which are 2-alkyl,3-hydroxy long, branched fatty acids, have been found to be of particular value in the classification of actinomycetes with a wall-chemotype IV (Becker et al, 1965), that is with meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP), arabinose and galactose (Collins et a [., 1982;Corina & Sesardic, 1980;Goodfellow & Minnikin, 1977;Goodfellow et al, 1982;Minnikin et al, 1978. The mycolic acids of mycobacteria are complex in composition and may contain components with oxygen functions in addition to the 3-hydroxy system while the mycolic acids from other sources such as corynebacteria, nocardiae and rhodococci are simpler by comparison, comprising homologous mixtures of saturated and unsaturated components containing between 20 and 60 carbon atoms (Goodfellow & Minnikin, 1977;Lechevalier, 1977;Minnikin & Goodfellow, 1976Minnikin et al, 1978Yano et al, 1972Yano et al, , 1978.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Mycolic Acids as a Tool in the Identification of Medically Important Coryneform Bacteria

Athalye¹,

Noble²,

Mallet³

et al. 1984

Microbiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mycolic acid derivatives of 1 1 unidentified pathogenic coryneform bacteria were examined by TLC, GLC and GLC-mass spectrometry. The resulting mycolic acid profiles of the unidentified isolates were compared with those of type or reference strains of possibly related coryneform species, namely Corynebacterium bouis, C. dQhtheriae, C. xerosis and Rhodococcus equi. It was apparent that most of the unidentified strains showed a distinctive mycolic acid profile, with predominant amounts of relatively high molecular weight mycolic acids (C, 2-C36) and a high degree of unsaturation, and could thus be distinguished from both C. bovis, which had exceptionally low molecular weight mycolic acids (C24-C30), and C. diphtheriae (c2&,,), which had large amounts of saturated mycolic acids. The mycolates of C. xerosis and R. equi (c2&36) were generally similar to those of the unidentified coryneforms but their overall mycolic acid patterns were different from one another as well as the unidentified strains. The mycolic acid profiles exhibited by the pathogenic coryneforms examined here were very similar to one another but unlike that of any of the type or reference strains included in the study.

show abstract

Separation and analysis of molecular species of mycolic acids inNocardia and related taxa by gas chromatography mass spectrometry

Cited by 68 publications

References 29 publications

Mycobacterium fortuiturn Subspecies acetamidolyticum, a New Subspecies of Mycobacterium fortuiturn

Mycobacterium fortuiturn Subspecies acetamidolyticum, a New Subspecies of Mycobacterium fortuiturn

Separation and analysis of novel polyunsaturated mycolic acids from a psychrophilic, acid‐fast bacterium, Gordona aurantiaca

Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry of Mycolic Acids as a Tool in the Identification of Medically Important Coryneform Bacteria

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About