Separation/Enrichment of Copper and Silver Using Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles Coated with Poly-Thiophene and Their Analysis by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

Abstract

We report on the use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (NPs) coated with poly-thiophene for the preconcentration of copper and silver ions. The NPs were prepared by first modifying the surface of TiO 2 NPs with vinyl groups and then copolymerizing them with vinyl thiophen. The resulting TiO 2 -polythiophene core-shell NPs were characterized by thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and X-ray diffraction. The experimental conditions such as pH value, adsorption and desorption time, type, concentration and volume of the eluent, break through volume, and effect of potentially interfering ions were optimized. The ions were then desorbed with hydrochloric acid and determined by FAAS. The limits of detection are 0.4 and 1.2 µg·L −1 for Cu(II) and Ag(I), respectively, and recoveries and precisions are >98.0% and <4%.

Application of Ion-Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles for Selective Trace Determination of Palladium Ions in Food and Environmental Samples with the Aid of Experimental Design Methodology

“…Competitive adsorption of palladium ion over the selected inorganic ions such as Cu 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cd 2+ , Zn 2+ , and Co 2+ for IIP and NIP particles from their binary mixture was investigated under optimum conditions, and then the distribution ratios (K d ), selectivity coefficients (k), and relative selectivity coefficients (k′) for palladium ion relative to potentially interfering ions were calculated using Eqs. (3)-(5) (Behbahani et al 2012(Behbahani et al , 2013aBanham 2008), respectively. The results are summarized in Table 3.…”

“…Liquid-liquid extraction (Jagdale et al 1980), cloud point extraction (Tong et al 2011), and dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (Shamsipur et al 2009) are some liquid-based methods which have been applied for preconcentration and determination of palladium. SPE is flexible in choice of adsorbent and operation and is preferred to liquid-liquid extraction in the viewpoint of simplicity, cleanness, low reagent, organic consumption, and also high enrichment ability (Behbahani et al 2013a, b;Fouladian and Behbahani 2014;Ghorbani-Kalhor et al 2014;Behbahani et al 2014c, d;Salarian et al 2014;Nabid et al 2014;Behbahani et al 2015). SPE has been extended for the preconcentration of palladium traces prior to determination (Rastegarzadeh et al 2010).…”

Preparation, characterization and electrochemical application of Ag–ZnO nanoplates for voltammetric determination of glutathione and tryptophan using modified carbon paste electrode

“…Their applications in the area of agriculture and food are relatively scarce compared to their use in the field of drug delivery and pharmaceuticals [36][37][38][39][40]. The high performance of nanoparticles is due to their high surface area/volume ratio [41].…”

Application of 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol-modified nanoporous silica as a technique in simultaneous trace monitoring and removal of toxic heavy metals in food and water samples

“…According to the nature of this method, the key point is choosing the appropriate adsorbent, since this factor could affect selectivity and sensitivity of the method (Behbahani et al 2014h). With the emergence of SPE, various sorbents have been developed such as carbon nanotubes (Behbahani et al 2014i), activated carbon (Starvin and Prasada Rao 2004), polymeric adsorbent resin (Huck and Bonn 2000), Amberlite XAD-7 resin (Kumar et al 2001), synthetic zeolites (Mostafavi et al 2006), modified chromosorb , TiO 2 (Behbahani et al 2013b), activated alumina (Poole 2003), and nanoporous silica (Bagheri et al 2012). Among these sorbents, nanoporous silicas such as have attracted great attention because of their good mechanical and thermal stability and their lower susceptibility to swelling and shrinking (Mehrani et al 2011).…”