Separation of adaptive mucosal growth and transport after small bowel resection

Abstract

In rats 70% of the small bowel was resected with preservation of duodenum and terminal ileum. Two and four weeks later transport of sodium, chloride, water, and galactose was studied in duodenum and ileum. Controls were sham-operated and unoperated rats. There was significant mucosal growth 2 and 4 wk after resection. By 2 wk postresection transport specific activities (transport per gram mucosa) were generally decreased. Mucosal growth compensated only sufficiently so that transport capacities (transport per centimeter segment length) remained unaltered from controls. By 4 wk postresection transport specific activities had either increased or were unchanged from controls. Therefore, in association with mucosal growth, transport capacities increased. The major adaptive increases for electrolytes and water occurred in duodenum; ileum was the site of increased galactose transport. The data indicate that 1) mucosal growth and functional transport changes occur as separate adaptive phenomena and 2) adaptive transport mechanisms are selectively localized to particular regions of the intestine.

GALACTOSE TRANSPORT ACROSS RAT SMALL INTESTINE IN VIVO FOLLOWING DISTAL RESECTIONS OF VARYING EXTENTS

“…Since intestinal diameter increases after resection Menge, Hopert, Alexopoulos & Riecken, 1982;and (Table 2) in both 50 and 80% resected animals. These results suggest that with time the duodenum is able to increase its capacity for galactose transport in contrast with findings obtained 1 month after resection (Urban & Michel, 1983). Jejunal galactose absorption also increased in 50% resected rats (Fig.…”

“…Recently a separation of adaptative mucosal growth and transport after small bowel resection has been described (Urban & Michel, 1983), showing that maximal morphological adaptation occurred 2 weeks after small bowel resection and the functional component of intestinal adaptation did not occur until 4 weeks after operation. We studied the adaptation in residual small bowel 5 months after resection when both morphological and functional changes had reached the final post-resection status.…”

The Effect of Massive Small Bowel Resection and Oral Epidermal Growth Factor Therapy on SGLT-1 Distribution in Rabbit Distal Remnant

“…Glucose transport in remnant tissue is depressed 10 d after surgery and remains so at 21 d (4, 5). In contrast transport-specific activities were reported generally decreased 2 wk after resection but had either increased or returned to control values by 4 wk (24). The findings to date suggest that as bowel surface area increases with time, alterations in enterocyte function may return to more normal values.…”

Effect of Oral Nutrition on the Form and Function of the Intestinal Tract

“…McCarthy and Kim [98] found that after intestinal resection, there was a disproportionate increase in mucosal cell number compared with enzyme activity. Others have shown that luminal nutrition stimulates sugar absorption to a greater ex tent than could be explained by increments in gut mass [87,161]. These studies suggest that the work load, in addition to luminal nutri tion.…”

“…Intestinal adaptation is influenced by lu minal nutrition, pancreaticobiliary secretions [164], hormones and gastrointestinal pep tides [10]; the case for and against each of these complex interrelated factors has re cently been reviewed [34], Many studies have demonstrated that enteral nutrition main tains intestinal mass and absorptive capacity [86,92,98,100,142,143,161]. However, it appears that changes in intestinal structure and function occur independently, rather than in concert.…”