Two new a-tetralone ( ¼ 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one) derivatives, berchemiaside A and B (1 and 2, resp.), and one new flavonoid, quercetin-3-O-(2-acetyl-a-l-arabinofuranoside (3), together with ten known flavonoids compounds, eriodictyol (4), aromadendrin (5), trans-dihydroquercetin (6), cisdihydroquercetin (7), kaempferol (8), kaempferol-3-O-a-l-arabinofuranoside (9), quercetin (10), quercetin-3-O-a-l-arabinofuranoside or avicularin (11), quercetin 3'-methyl ether, 3-O-a-l-arabinofuranoside (12), and maesopsin (13), were isolated from the bark of Berchemia floribunda. Their structures were determined by various NMR techniques and chemical studies. Compounds 3 -13 were tested for their cytotoxic activity against human leukemia cells. Among them, kaempferol (8) and maesopsin (13) showed significant inhibitory activities against human leukemia cells CCRF-CEM and its multidrugresistant sub-line, CEM/ADR5000, with IC 50 values of 14.0, 5.3, 10.2, and 12.3 mm, respectively.Introduction. -Berchemia floribunda (Wall.) Brongn., which is widely distributed in China, was used for treatment of rheumatic arthritis, jaundice and contusions, and strains and dysmenorrhoea [1]. No work has been previously performed on the chemical constituents and biological activity. The AcOEt extract showed activity against human leukemia cells CCRF-CEM. So we undertook the study of bioactive constituents. From the AcOEt fraction of EtOH extracts of B. floribunda, two new atetralone ( ¼ 3,4-dihydronaphthalen-1(2H)-one) derivatives, 1 and 2, and one new flavonoid, 3, together with ten known flavonoid compounds, 4 -13, were obtained. Compounds 3 -13 were examined for their biological activities against human leukemia cells CCRF-CEM and its multidrug-resistant sub-line, CEM/ADR5000. This paper mainly reports the isolation and structure elucidation of the new compounds, and the cytotoxicity of the tested compounds.