Septicemic &lt;i&gt;Actinobacillus suis&lt;/i&gt; infection in a neonatal piglet with multifocal necrotic glossitis

Sugie, Kennosuke; Komatsu, Tetsuya; Watando, Eri; Inaba, Nanami; Kato, Kiyoko; Takamatsu, Daisuke; Ito, Hiroya; Shibahara, Tomoyuki

doi:10.1292/jvms.18-0630

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“… 2 , 4 Weaned pigs often do not develop clinical signs and are found dead following fulminant septicaemia, while grower‐finisher or older pigs in high‐health status (HHS) herds develop respiratory signs due to necro‐haemorrhagic pleuropneumonia. 5 , 6 , 7 A third syndrome observed in HHS reproductive‐aged pigs is characterised by acute septicaemia, lethargy, anorexia, fever, abortion and erysipelas‐like lesions on the skin. 6 Treatment strategies include parenteral antimicrobial therapy with ceftiofur, penicillin, ampicillin, neomycin, gentamicin, sulphadimethoxine, tiamulin, tetracycline or tylosin.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disease is often associated with stressful conditions such as weaning, farrowing, transportation or suckling 2,4 . Weaned pigs often do not develop clinical signs and are found dead following fulminant septicaemia, while grower‐finisher or older pigs in high‐health status (HHS) herds develop respiratory signs due to necro‐haemorrhagic pleuropneumonia 5–7 . A third syndrome observed in HHS reproductive‐aged pigs is characterised by acute septicaemia, lethargy, anorexia, fever, abortion and erysipelas‐like lesions on the skin 6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Actinobacillus suis isolated from diseased pigs are phylogenetically related but harbour different number of toxin gene copies in their genomes

Kulathunga

Fakher

Costa

2022

Veterinary Record Open

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Objective The Gram‐negative bacterium Actinobacillus suis is an agent of global importance to the swine industry and the cause of lethal respiratory or septicaemic disease in pigs of different ages. Between 2018 and 2019, seven commercial farms in western Canada experienced episodes of increased mortality due to A. suis infection in grower pigs. The goal of this work was to profile, with molecular methods, A. suis isolated from diseased pigs and to compare them to other isolates. Design This inferential observational study used nine western Canadian strains obtained from diseased lungs ( n = 6), heart ( n = 2) and brain ( n = 1) and whole genome sequencing was performed. Comparative genomic analyses were performed to characterise the genetic variability, antimicrobial resistance and the virulence genes present. Results Compared to the reference strain (ATCC 33415), an increased number of RTX (repeats in the structural toxin) gene copies were identified in strains isolated from organs without a mucosal surface, thus theoretically harder to invade. Western Canadian strains did not harbour genes associated with resistance to antimicrobial agents used in swine production. Novel regions were also identified in the genomes of five of nine strains demonstrating recombination and emergence of novel strains. Conclusions The results obtained in this study were associated with the emergence of new lineages. An increased number of RTX toxin gene copies is suggested to be associated with increased virulence. This study will contribute to improve our understanding regarding A. suis and may help guide vaccine development and agent control measures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Actinobacillus suis isolated from diseased pigs are phylogenetically related but harbour different number of toxin gene copies in their genomes

Kulathunga

Fakher

Costa

2022

Veterinary Record Open

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Functional differentiation related to decomposing complex carbohydrates of intestinal microbes between two wild zokor species based on 16SrRNA sequences

Zou¹,

Liang²,

Zhang³

et al. 2021

BMC Vet Res

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Background The intestinal microbes in mammals play a key role in host metabolism and adaptation. As a subterranean rodent, zokor digs tunnels for foraging and mating. These digging activities of zokors increase the energy expenditure relative to their aboveground counterparts. However, relatively little is known regarding intestinal microbes of zokor and how they make full use of limited food resources underground for high energy requirements. Results Eospalax cansus and Eospalax rothschildi had distinct intestinal microbes. Although the composition of intestinal microbes is similar in two species, the proportion of bacterium are distinctly different between them. At phylum level, 11 phyla were shared between two species. Firmicutes and Bacteroidota were two dominant microbes in both of two species, while Eospalax cansus have a significantly high proportion of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota than that of Eospalax rothschildi. At genus level, norank_f_Muribaculaceae were dominant microbes in both of two zokor species. The relative abundance of 12 genera were significantly different between two species. Some bacterium including unclassified_f__Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Ruminococcus and Eubacterium_siraeum_group associated with cellulose degradation were significantly enriched in Eospalax cansus. Although alpha diversity was with no significant differences between Eospalax cansus and Eospalax rothschildi, the intestinal microbes between them are significant distinct in PCoA analysis. We have found that trapping location affected the alpha diversity values, while sex and body measurements had no effect on alpha diversity values. PICRUSt metagenome predictions revealed significant enrichment of microbial genes involved in carbohydrate metabolism in Eospalax cansus rather than Eospalax rothschildi. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that Eospalax cansus harbor a stronger ability of fermentation for dietary plants than Eospalax rothschildi. The stronger ability of fermentation and degradation of cellulose of intestinal microbes of Eospalax cansus may be a long-time adaptation to limited food resources underground.

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Septicemic <i>Actinobacillus suis</i> infection in a neonatal piglet with multifocal necrotic glossitis

Cited by 2 publications

References 18 publications

Actinobacillus suis isolated from diseased pigs are phylogenetically related but harbour different number of toxin gene copies in their genomes

Actinobacillus suis isolated from diseased pigs are phylogenetically related but harbour different number of toxin gene copies in their genomes

Functional differentiation related to decomposing complex carbohydrates of intestinal microbes between two wild zokor species based on 16SrRNA sequences

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