Sequence analysis of the termini of virion and replicative forms of minute virus of mice DNA suggests a modified rolling hairpin model for autonomous parvovirus DNA replication

Abstract

The nucleotide sequences of the terminal regions of monomer replicative form DNA, a pivotal intermediate species in the replication of minute virus of mice, were determined. The left (3') terminus had a unique sequence on both strands and in both 3'-hairpin configurations. In contrast, the right (5') terminus was sequence heterogenous and extended an additional 18 base pairs beyond that expected from the known sequence of the virion DNA. These data unambiguously establish the sequence complexity at the termini of both the single-stranded viral genome and the pool of replicative DNA. A comparison of the combined sequence information leads us to propose a modified rolling hairpin model for the replication of autonomous parvoviruses which is compatible with all available data.

Genome characterization of a novel porcine bocavirus

“…No other recombination signal was found in either VP1 is a bocavirus capsid protein and probably influences tissue tropism and, potentially, pathogenesis [30]. A calcium-dependent phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzymatic activity motif was found in VP1u of PBoV3C, which increases the efficiency of viral release [31]. A previous study indicated that VP2 plays a critical role in bocavirus antigenicity and infectivity [25].…”

Identification and molecular cloning of a novel porcine parvovirus

“…Recently, it was reported that ORF3 of MCV is essential for viral DNA replication [20]. Parvoviruses have been proposed to replicate their genomes via a modified rolling hairpin model that involves a hairpin transfer mechanism [3,5,8]. In this model, two obligatory dimeric genome replicative intermediates (RF) generated via the terminal palindromic sequences are synthesized during viral DNA replication [6].…”

Characterization of Replicative Form DNA of the Autonomous Parvovirus Mink Enteritis Virus

“…Among the members of autonomous parvoviruses , minute virus of mice (MVM), H-l virus, and Kilham-rat virus have been well characterized on the synthesis of viral macromolecules involved in virus replication and structural features of the virus DNA (2)(3)(4)9). The virion DNA (vDNA) possesses at both termini unique structures of palindromes which are non-identical sequences at the 5' and 3' terminus (1)(2)(3)(4)23).…”

“…Among the members of autonomous parvoviruses , minute virus of mice (MVM), H-l virus, and Kilham-rat virus have been well characterized on the synthesis of viral macromolecules involved in virus replication and structural features of the virus DNA (2)(3)(4)9). The virion DNA (vDNA) possesses at both termini unique structures of palindromes which are non-identical sequences at the 5' and 3' terminus (1)(2)(3)(4)23). The terminal palindrome sequences contribute two alternative structural conformations at the termini of the double-stranded replicative form (RF) DNA : one is "extended" (e) conformation of fully base-paired DNA duplexes and the other is "turnaround" (t) conformation of intrastrand base pairs with their complementary sequence within the palindrome (3,8).…”

“…The virion DNA (vDNA) possesses at both termini unique structures of palindromes which are non-identical sequences at the 5' and 3' terminus (1)(2)(3)(4)23). The terminal palindrome sequences contribute two alternative structural conformations at the termini of the double-stranded replicative form (RF) DNA : one is "extended" (e) conformation of fully base-paired DNA duplexes and the other is "turnaround" (t) conformation of intrastrand base pairs with their complementary sequence within the palindrome (3,8). The 5' terminus of most or all of the RF DNA is bound covalently to a terminal protein (6 , 22, 27).…”