Sequence organization and cytological localization of the minor satellite of mouse

Wong, Amy; Rattner, J. B.

doi:10.1093/nar/16.24.11645

Cited by 209 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…7a) (44). Complex A was formed by CENP-B in 0.5 M NaCl nuclear extracts obtained from mouse cells, and the CENP-B box is also conserved in mouse minor satellite DNA (22,26,48). Considering this evidence, it is possible that the interaction between CENP-B and CENP-B boxes in centromeric satellite DNA might carry an important function, for example, assembling the centromeric satellite DNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Analysis of Protein-DNA and Protein-Protein Interactions of Centromere Protein B (CENP-B) and Properties of the DNA-CENP-B Complex in the Cell Cycle

Kitagawa

Masumoto

Ikeda

et al. 1995

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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We previously reported that centromere protein B (CENP-B) forms a stable complex (designated complex A) containing two alphoid DNAs in vitro. Domains in the CENP-B polypeptide involved in the formation of complex A were determined in the present study with truncated derivatives expressed in Escherichia coli and in rabbit reticulocyte lysates. It was revealed by gel mobility shift analyses that polypeptides containing the NH 2 -terminal DNA-binding domain bind a DNA molecule as a monomer, while dimerizing at a novel hydrophobic domain in the COOH-terminal region of 59 amino acid residues. This polypeptide dimerization activity at the COOH-terminal region was also confirmed with the two-hybrid system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. The results thus proved that CENP-B polypeptides form a homodimer at the COOH-terminal hydrophobic domain, each binding a DNA strand at their NH 2 -terminal domains. The dimerization and DNA-binding domains fall into two of the three completely conserved sequences found in human and mouse CENP-B, and complex A-forming activity was also detected in nuclear extracts of mouse cells. Metaphase-specific phosphorylation of CENP-B was also detected, but this had no effect on its complex A-forming activity. On the basis of the present results, we propose that CENP-B plays an important role in the assembly of specific centromere structures by forming unique DNA-protein complexes at the sites of CENP-B boxes on the centromeric repetitive DNA both in interphase nuclei and on mitotic chromosomes.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Analysis of Protein-DNA and Protein-Protein Interactions of Centromere Protein B (CENP-B) and Properties of the DNA-CENP-B Complex in the Cell Cycle

Kitagawa

Masumoto

Ikeda

et al. 1995

Molecular and Cellular Biology

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“…The order of such homology is sorghum/maize Ͼ sorghum/wheat Ͼ sorghum/oats Ͼ sorghum/rice. The ␣-satellite in primates and the minor satellite in mouse (18,20) are the only repetitive DNA elements that were demonstrated to be related to centromeric function. However, the centromeric region of fission yeast chromosomes contains several classes of repetitive DNA sequences (21)(22)(23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A conserved repetitive DNA element located in the centromeres of cereal chromosomes

Jiang

Nasuda

Dong

et al. 1996

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

185

132

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Repetitive DNA sequences have been demonstrated to play an important role for centromere function of eukaryotic chromosomes, including those from fission yeast, Drosophila melanogaster, and humans. Here we report on the isolation of a repetitive DNA element located in the centromeric regions of cereal chromosomes. A 745-bp repetitive DNA clone, pSau3A9, was isolated from sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). This DNA element is located in the centromeric regions of all sorghum chromosomes, as demonstrated by f luorescence in situ hybridization. Repetitive DNA sequences homologous to pSau3A9 also are present in the centromeric regions of chromosomes from other cereal species, including rice, maize, wheat, barley, rye, and oats. Probe pSau3A9 also hybridized to the centromeric region of B chromosomes from rye and maize. The repetitive nature and its conservation in distantly related plant species indicate that the pSau3A9 family may be associated with centromere function of cereal chromosomes. The absence of DNA sequences homologous to pSau3A9 in dicot species suggests a faster divergence of centromererelated sequences compared with the telomere-related sequences in plants.Among the most distinguishing and characteristic landmarks of chromosomes of higher eukaryotes is the location of the centromere. The centromere plays an essential role in the proper segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis, thus ensuring equal distribution of genetic information to the next generation. The centromeric region of higher eukaryotic chromosomes is structurally specified by the primary constriction at which the sister chromatids associate and a pair of kinetochores to which microtubules of the mitotic and meiotic spindle attach.The centromeres from budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae), known as point centromeres, have been well characterized. The genetic information specifying full centromere function in these species is contained within a 125-bp DNA segment (1). Such centromeres bind to a single microtubule and can move chromosomes of 0.26-3 megabases in size. Extensive studies also have been carried on centromeres from fission yeast (Schizosaccharomyces pombe), Drosophila melanogaster, and mammalian species. The centromeres from these species are much more complex compared with those from budding yeast. These centromeres, called regional centromeres, encompass kilobases or megabases of DNA and include both unique and repetitive DNA sequences. Several different repetitive DNA elements were identified in the centromeres of fission yeast. It is well established that these repetitive elements are essential for full centromere function (1). Full function of centromeres in Drosophila also requires the presence of satellite DNA (2). The ␣-satellite DNA, the major DNA component in the centromeric region of human chromosomes, has long been regarded as junk DNA. However, the current evidence indicates that the ␣-satellite DNA plays an important role in centromere function (3-5).Thus far, no plant DNA sequences essential for ce...

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“…Given the repetitive nature of this region, PCR techniques cannot be reliably quantitative or give information about the size of the transcripts. We therefore performed Northern blot analysis on total RNA isolated from the above-cited murine cells, in different growth and differentiation conditions, using the minor satellite 120-bp unit (6) in both orientations as a probe. We showed that minor satellites were indeed transcribed, as previously reported for other cell types (18,19), as two long, yet barely detectable, 2-and 4-kb precursor transcripts (Fig.…”

Section: Minor Satellite Transcripts Accumulate As Small Rnas In Murimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mouse genome contains two classes of centromeric repetitive sequences, termed major and minor satellites, organized in largely uninterrupted blocks of tandem repeats. Cytological detection of these clusters shows distinct localization, major satellites being associated with pericentromeric regions, whereas minor satellites were detected at the primary constriction of condensed mitotic chromosomes (6,7). The nature of protein complexes recruited to these satellite repeats also appears to be distinct.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Accumulation of small murine minor satellite transcripts leads to impaired centromeric architecture and function

Bouzinba-Ségard

Ferri

Francastel

2007

Blood Cells, Molecules, and Diseases

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RNAs have been implicated in the assembly and stabilization of large-scale chromatin structures including centromeric architecture; unidentified RNAs are integral components of human pericentric heterochromatin and are required for localization of the heterochromatin protein HP1 to centromeric regions. Because satellite repeats in centromeric regions are known to be transcribed, we assessed a role for noncoding centromeric RNAs in the structure and function of the centromere. We identified minor satellite transcripts of 120 nt in murine cells that localize to centromeres and accumulate upon stress or differentiation. Forced accumulation of 120-nt transcripts leads to defects in chromosome segregation and sister-chromatid cohesion, changes in hallmark centromeric epigenetic markers, and mislocalization of centromere-associated proteins essential for centromere function. These findings suggest that small centromeric RNAs may represent one of many pathways that regulate heterochromatin assembly in mammals, possibly through tethering of kinetochore-and heterochromatin-associated proteins.centromere ͉ centromeric transcripts ͉ kinetochore

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Sequence organization and cytological localization of the minor satellite of mouse

Cited by 209 publications

References 26 publications

Analysis of Protein-DNA and Protein-Protein Interactions of Centromere Protein B (CENP-B) and Properties of the DNA-CENP-B Complex in the Cell Cycle

Analysis of Protein-DNA and Protein-Protein Interactions of Centromere Protein B (CENP-B) and Properties of the DNA-CENP-B Complex in the Cell Cycle

A conserved repetitive DNA element located in the centromeres of cereal chromosomes

Accumulation of small murine minor satellite transcripts leads to impaired centromeric architecture and function

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