Sequence Type 631 Vibrio parahaemolyticus, an Emerging Foodborne Pathogen in North America

Xu, Feng; González-Escalona, Narjol; Haendiges, Julie; Myers, Robert A.; Ferguson, Jana; Stiles, Tracy; Hickey, Eric W.; Moore, Michael J.; Hickey, John M.; Schillaci, Christopher; Mank, Laurn; DeRosia-Banick, Kristin; Matluk, Nicholas; Robbins, Amy; Sebra, Robert; Cooper, Vaughn S.; Jones, Stephen H.; Whistler, Cheryl A.

doi:10.1128/jcm.02162-16

Cited by 24 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…We next evaluated the relationships of all available ST631 isolate genomes at NCBI and sequenced by us (Table 2) using a custom core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) method as previously described (31). Minimum spanning trees built from core genome loci from 42 ST631 isolates indicated that only 390 loci varied between the most closely related isolate of clade I (MAVP-L) and clade II (G6928)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…V. parahaemolyticus clinical isolates for this study were provided by cooperating public health laboratories in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Maine, and Connecticut, whereas a select number of environmental isolates were enriched from estuarine substrates as described previously (21). Detailed information about these isolates was described previously (31) and is listed in Table 2. Isolates were routinely cultured in heart infusion media supplemented with NaCl and grown at 37°C as described previously (21).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cluster analysis of ST631 was performed using a custom core genome multilocus sequence type (cgMLST) analysis using RidomSeqSphereϩsoftware v3.2.1 (Ridom GmbH, Münster, Germany) as previously described (31). Briefly, the software first defines a cgMLST scheme using the target definer tool with default settings using the PacBio generated MAVP-Q genome as the reference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most distantly related isolates within clade I (G149 and MAVP-R) exhibited 80 core genome locus differences, whereas clade II is clonal with only 51 variant loci between the most divergent isolates: clinical isolate 09-4436 and environmental isolate S487-4, both reported from Prince Edward Island, Canada ( Fig. 3) (31). Each ST631 clade independently acquired a distinct pathogenicity island positioned on different chromosomes.…”

Section: Parallel Evolution Of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus St631mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The introduction of ST36 into the Atlantic Ocean by an unknown route precipitated a series of outbreaks from Atlantic shellfish starting in 2012 (29,30). Prior to 2012, resident lineages contributed to low but increasing sporadic infection rates on the Northeast U.S. coast (https://www.cdc.gov/vibrio/surveillance.html, 2017; see also reference 21), with ST631 emerging as the major lineage that is endemic to nearshore areas of the Atlantic Ocean bordering North America (the northwest Atlantic Ocean) (31). However, we previously identified a single ST631 isolate lacking hemolysins (21,27), suggesting this pathogen lineage may have recently evolved through VPaI acquisition.…”

Section: Importancementioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Parallel Evolution of Two Clades of an Atlantic-Endemic Pathogenic Lineage of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by Independent Acquisition of Related Pathogenicity Islands

González-Escalona

Drees

et al. 2017

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Shellfish-transmitted Vibrio parahaemolyticus infections have recently increased from locations with historically low disease incidence, such as the Northeast United States. This change coincided with a bacterial population shift toward human-pathogenic variants occurring in part through the introduction of several Pacific native lineages (ST36, ST43, and ST636) to nearshore areas off the Atlantic coast of the Northeast United States. Concomitantly, ST631 emerged as a major endemic pathogen. Phylogenetic trees of clinical and environmental isolates indicated that two clades diverged from a common ST631 ancestor, and in each of these clades, a human-pathogenic variant evolved independently through acquisition of distinct Vibrio pathogenicity islands (VPaI). These VPaI differ from each other and bear little resemblance to hemolysin-containing VPaI from isolates of the pandemic clonal complex. Clade I ST631 isolates either harbored no hemolysins or contained a chromosome I-inserted island we call VPaIβ that encodes a type 3 secretion system (T3SS2β) typical of Trh hemolysin producers. The more clinically prevalent and clonal ST631 clade II had an island we call VPaIγ that encodes both tdh and trh and that was inserted in chromosome II. VPaIγ was derived from VPaIβ but with some additional acquired elements in common with VPaI carried by pandemic isolates, exemplifying the mosaic nature of pathogenicity islands. Genomics comparisons and amplicon assays identified VPaIγ-type islands containing tdh inserted adjacent to the ure cluster in the three introduced Pacific and most other emergent lineages that collectively cause 67% of infections in the Northeast United States as of 2016. IMPORTANCE The availability of three different hemolysin genotypes in the ST631 lineage provided a unique opportunity to employ genome comparisons to further our understanding of the processes underlying pathogen evolution. The fact that two different pathogenic clades arose in parallel from the same potentially benign lineage by independent VPaI acquisition is surprising considering the historically low prevalence of community members harboring VPaI in waters along the Northeast U.S. coast that could serve as the source of this material. This illustrates a possible predisposition of some lineages to not only acquire foreign DNA but also become human pathogens. Whereas the underlying cause for the expansion of V. parahaemolyticus lineages harboring VPaIγ along the U.S. Atlantic coast and spread of this element to multiple lineages that underlies disease emergence is not known, this work underscores the need to define the environment factors that favor bacteria harboring VPaI in locations of emergent disease.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%