Sequencing and analysis of the genome of the Whipple's disease bacterium Tropheryma whipplei

Bentley, Stephen D.; Maiwald, Matthias; Murphy, Lee; Pallen, Mark J.; Yeats, Corin; Dover, Lynn G.; Norbertczak, Halina; Besra, Gurdyal S.; Quail, Michael A.; Harris, David; Herbay, A. von; Goble, Arlette; Rutter, Simon; Squares, Robert; Squares, S.; Barrell, Bart; Parkhill, Julian; Relman, David A.

doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)12597-4

Cited by 229 publications

(166 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…xyli is a member of the gram-positive GC-rich order Actinomycetales, which includes important members with fully sequenced genomes, such as the human pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Cole et al 2000), Mycobacterium leprae (Cole et al 2001), and Tropheryma whipplei (Bentley et al 2003;Raoult et al 2003), the industrial species Streptomyces coelicolor (Bentley et al 2002) and Streptomyces avermitilis (Omura et al 2001), as well as a commensal of the human gastrointestinal tract Bifidobacterium longum (Schell et al 2002).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Genome Sequence of the Gram-Positive Sugarcane Pathogen Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli

Monteiro-Vitorello¹,

Camargo²,

Sluys³

et al. 2004

MPMI

130

120

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The genome sequence of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli, which causes ratoon stunting disease and affects sugarcane worldwide, was determined. The single circular chromosome of Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli CTCB07 was 2.6 Mb in length with a GC content of 68% and 2,044 predicted open reading frames. The analysis also revealed 307 predicted pseudogenes, which is more than any bacterial plant pathogen sequenced to date. Many of these pseudogenes, if functional, would likely be involved in the degradation of plant heteropolysaccharides, uptake of free sugars, and synthesis of amino acids. Although L. xyli subsp. xyli has only been identified colonizing the xylem vessels of sugarcane, the numbers of predicted regulatory genes and sugar transporters are similar to those in freeliving organisms. Some of the predicted pathogenicity genes appear to have been acquired by lateral transfer and include genes for cellulase, pectinase, wilt-inducing protein, lysozyme, and desaturase. The presence of the latter may contribute to stunting, since it is likely involved in the synthesis of abscisic acid, a hormone that arrests growth. Our findings are consistent with the nutritionally fastidious behavior exhibited by L. xyli subsp. xyli and suggest an ongoing adaptation to the restricted ecological niche it inhabits.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Genome Sequence of the Gram-Positive Sugarcane Pathogen Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli

Monteiro-Vitorello¹,

Camargo²,

Sluys³

et al. 2004

MPMI

130

120

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“…Subsequently, the name of Tropheryma whipplei was officially ascribed to the WD agent (6). The complete sequence of the genome has been reported recently for two strains of T. whipplei (7,8). The diagnosis of WD was usually based on the presence of large, foamy macrophages (M) containing periodic acid-Schiff-positive inclusions in the lamina propria of duodenal biopsy specimens (9,10), but these periodic acid-Schiff-positive cells may be detected in other organs (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

IL-16 Is Critical for Tropheryma whipplei Replication in Whipple’s Disease

Desnues

Raoult

Mège

2005

The Journal of Immunology

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Whipple’s disease (WD) is a rare systemic disease caused by Tropheryma whipplei. We showed that T. whipplei was eliminated by human monocytes but replicated in monocyte-derived macrophages (Mφ) by inducing an original activation program. Two different host molecules were found to be key elements for this specific pattern. Thioredoxin, through its overexpression in infected monocytes, was involved in bacterial killing because adding thioredoxin to infected Mφ inhibited bacterial replication. IL-16, which was up-regulated in Mφ, enabled T. whipplei to replicate in monocytes and increased bacterial replication in Mφ. In addition, anti-IL-16 Abs abolished T. whipplei replication in Mφ. IL-16 down-modulated the expression of thioredoxin and up-regulated that of IL-16 and proapoptotic genes. In patients with WD, T. whipplei replication was higher than in healthy subjects and was related to high levels of circulating IL-16. Both events were corrected in patients who successfully responded to antibiotics treatment. This role of IL-16 was not reported previously and gives an insight into the understanding of WD pathophysiology.

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“…Subsequently, this finding led to electron microscopy, which in turn led to DNA testing for T. whipplei. Most recently, in 2003 the full sequencing of two genomes from two different strains of T. whipplei has been reported [6,16,17] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A case of Noonan syndrome and Whipple’s disease in the same patient

Karsan¹,

Karsan²,

Karsan³

et al. 2009

WJG

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We report the first known case of both Noonan syndrome and Whipple's disease occurring in the same patient. A 36-year-old female with history of Noonan syndrome developed fatigue, anorexia, arthritis of the knees and hands with a diffuse hyperpigmented rash, night sweats, and an unintentional fifteen pound weight loss over 4 mo. Small bowel enteroscopy demonstrated mild edematous yellowish mucosa without friability. Random small bowel biopsies revealed extensive periodic acid-Schiff positive material within the foamy macrophages. She was treated with a 12 mo course of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole DS with clinical improvement to baseline status.

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Sequencing and analysis of the genome of the Whipple's disease bacterium Tropheryma whipplei

Cited by 229 publications

References 27 publications

The Genome Sequence of the Gram-Positive Sugarcane Pathogen Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli

The Genome Sequence of the Gram-Positive Sugarcane Pathogen Leifsonia xyli subsp. xyli

IL-16 Is Critical for Tropheryma whipplei Replication in Whipple’s Disease

A case of Noonan syndrome and Whipple’s disease in the same patient

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