Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hexon, fiber, and penton regions of adenoviruses isolated from AIDS patients

Abstract

Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the hexon, fiber, and penton regions of adenoviruses isolated between 1986 and 1997 from AIDS patients has been performed. Sequencing the L2 part of the hexon gene of 51 adenoviruses isolated between 1986 and 1997 from AIDS patients revealed only one type each from species A and C and two types from species B with all the remaining isolates from species D. Further sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the fiber knob region of these species D adenoviruses revealed that 28/46 were intermediate strains with conflicting hexon and fiber sequences. When the penton regions of these intermediate strains were sequenced, it became clear that some had originated from a third adenovirus type presumably by intergene recombination events. Evidence from sequencing the L1 hexon and fiber shaft regions showed no evidence of intragene recombination but penton sequences showed that recombination between the hypervariable region (HVR) and RGD regions was common. Six isolates appear to be from three new adenovirus types. Five AIDS patients showed sequential infection with different adenovirus variants and six such variants were isolated from a single patient in 2 years. J. Med. Virol. 84: 1157–1165, 2012. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Molecular evolution of human adenoviruses

“…In the penton base protein, there are two distinct hypervariable loops (HVLs) – separated by 123 amino acids – which may undergo recombination as separate segments914. The HVL-specific recombination of penton base proteotypes was examined further by generating one neighbor-joining tree based on HVL1, and one based on the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) loop, also known as HVL2.…”

Predicting the Next Eye Pathogen: Analysis of a Novel Adenovirus

“…Further, it is unclear to what degree HAdV-D60 is currently or might in the future become prevalent in the community. At present, the population distribution of HAdV-D60 is unknown, but another virus identical to HAdV-D60 with the exception of a recombined E3 transcription unit was recently isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of an HIV-infected patient in England (GenBank accession number JN162672) (34), suggesting that genome variants of HAdV-D60 may be in circulation outside Canada. Whole-genome sequencing recently identified 10 new or previously unidentified HAdV types, and surprisingly, three of these were isolated from patients with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (13, 16, 18).…”

Genome Sequences of Three Species D Adenoviruses Isolated from AIDS Patients

“…Three adenoviruses isolated from feces of AIDS patients in Manchester, United Kingdom (3, 4) included HAdVD23 and two novel viruses approved as new types by the Human Adenovirus Working Group, HAdVD60a (adenovirus D human/ENG/AIDS59/1992/60a [P37H20F60]) and HAdVD62 (adenovirus D human/ENG/AIDS25/1993/62 [P62H62F62]). HAdVD62 was from a patient with chronic diarrhea (but also infected with rotavirus), HAdVD23 from a patient without symptoms, and HAdVD60a from a patient whose symptoms are unknown to us.…”