Sequential 90° Rotation of Dual-Polarized Antenna Elements in Linear Phased Arrays with Improved Cross-Polarization Level for Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications

Lorente, Diego; Limbach, Markus; Gabler, Bernd; Esteban, H.; Boria, Vicente E.

doi:10.3390/rs13081430

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(35 reference statements)

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“…However, the multilayer nature of the antenna, as well as the use of foam layers and the lack of space between array elements, prevent its application. Other approaches make use of cavities or closed assemblies to interrupt the propagation of surface waves and thus, enhance the antenna isolation [24], [25].…”

Section: Truncated Cavity Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to improve the cross-polarization performance of the antenna, a sequential 90°rotation of the antenna elements in both array axis is applied [25], by which cross-polarization suppression values above 50 dB can be achieved. This rotation approach changes the slot position for each antenna element, alternating the slot offsets along the array axis, as it is seen in Fig.…”

Section: ) Cross-polarization Suppression Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Alternative solutions, such as defected ground structures (DGS) [23] are not suitable in aperture coupled feeding antennas, due to the modification of the ground plane. A costeffective non-planar approach is to place the antenna element within a closed casing structure or isolation walls such as a cavity box [24], [25]. This antenna assembly improves the antenna isolation along E-plane.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Integrated Low-Profile Multilayer Dual-Polarized Phased Array Antenna With Truncated Cavities for First Pulsed Bistatic L-Band Airborne SAR Sensor

Lorente,

Limbach,

Gabler

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) has become, nowadays, one of the most important techniques in remote-sensing, and the increasing interest in Earth monitoring reinforces this trend. Next generation SAR sensors will enhance the radar resolution capabilities by means of digital beamforming (DBF) techniques along with multistatic systems. In order to support the technological development of future spaceborne SAR missions, airborne sensors become an essential scope of research. Thereby, future airborne SAR systems demand enhanced DBF capabilities that involve phased array antennas with a high density of array elements. However, the antenna aperture size is significantly limited in airborne applications, which leads to low-profile and highly integrated antenna solutions, becoming a more challenging task for lower frequency operations such as L-band. In this work, a compact L-band dual-polarized multilayer phased array antenna with beam steering in elevation, developed for the next generation German Aerospace Center (DLR) airborne SAR system, is presented. The proposed design makes use of truncated cavities to improve the array element isolation, and provides 66% more antenna elements than the previous L-band phased array of the current DLR airborne SAR sensor with the same antenna aperture size. Measurements of a manufactured prototype show an antenna bandwidth of almost 20%, matching levels better than 17 dB, up to 15 dB gain and crosspolarization suppression values higher than 35 dB. Thus, the proposed work will allow the application of advanced DBF techniques in the upcoming first pulsed bistatic L-band airborne SAR sensor.INDEX TERMS airborne, beamforming, bistatic, integration, phased array antenna, truncated cavity, synthetic aperture radar.

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Section: Truncated Cavity Assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) Cross-polarization Suppression Enhancementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly Integrated Low-Profile Multilayer Dual-Polarized Phased Array Antenna With Truncated Cavities for First Pulsed Bistatic L-Band Airborne SAR Sensor

Lorente,

Limbach,

Gabler

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…However, this is not a design for an array environment and no CP is created. Finally, on the array level some research was performed into sequential rotation and other AR improvement techniques [20]- [22]. This resulted in the decision to use a sequential rotation of 180 degrees on every row of the array, in addition to 45 degrees of rotation of the patches on their own unit cell.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Polarisation-Agile Phased-Array Antenna for Satellite and beyond-5G Communications

Hastenberg

Theis

Mazaheri

et al. 2022

2022 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and USNC-URSI Radio Science Meeting (AP-S/URSI)

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A dual-linear polarised 8-by-8 array of stacked patches is proposed as a flexible, UAV-based, gateway node for Satcom and 5G. The array uses a triangular grid with sequential rotation for a frequency range of 37 GHz to 42 GHz. The scan range extends from −50 • to 50 • on all ϕ-planes while maintaining a scan-loss below cos(θ) 1.1 for most of these scan angles. Moreover, the broadside total active reflection coefficient is below −11.5 dB for the whole frequency range. Circular polarisation is achieved by reconfiguring the two linear polarised ports utilising the beamforming integrated circuits on the phased array to provide the phase difference. The axial ratio is maintained below 3 dB for the whole scan range in the ϕ0 = 0 and ϕ0 = 90 cut. Furthermore, an axial ratio compensation mechanism is presented. This mechanism will use the vector modulators embedded on each antenna port to minimise the axial ratio. The compensation mechanism is experimentally verified on an 8-by-8 active antenna array with similar specifications, where an axial ratio of 0.5 dB is achieved. I. INTRODUCTIONT HE ever-growing market for connected devices has increased the demand for bandwidth and flexibility of communication systems. In order to accommodate the required bandwidth, moving towards millimetre-wave (mm-Wave) frequencies is required. However, mm-Wave frequencies suffer from significant path loss, attenuation, and blockage [1]. Phased-array antennas (PAAs) will be used to compensate these losses, whereas gateway (GtW) nodes [2], a system category between a base station and user terminal, are proposed to prevent blockages by functioning as signal repeaters. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have been investigated as flexible GtW nodes in [3] for the fifth generation of mobile communication (5G) and beyond systems.This system, UAV based, is also proposed as a flexible communication interface between satellite communication (Satcom) systems and mobile technologies. A schematic view of this use-case is shown in Fig. 1. In order to serve as a GtW between Satcom and mobile communication systems, UAV based PAAs need to provide both circular-polarised (CP) and linear-polarised (LP) beams -as Satcom uses CP and most mobile communication systems require LP. A possible means to achieve both communication systems is by implementing two separate antenna architectures on a single GtW. However, the system should comply with the stringent swap-c (Size, Weight, Power, and Cost) requirements of . A flexible way to achieve both communication systems is by using a reconfigurable dual-LP antenna element.

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Hybrid-fed Enhanced Gain Circularly Polarized Shared Aperture Antenna Array for X/K-band Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications

Kothapudi

Kati

Nunna

et al. 2021

2021 Photonics &Amp; Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS)

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Sequential 90° Rotation of Dual-Polarized Antenna Elements in Linear Phased Arrays with Improved Cross-Polarization Level for Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Highly Integrated Low-Profile Multilayer Dual-Polarized Phased Array Antenna With Truncated Cavities for First Pulsed Bistatic L-Band Airborne SAR Sensor

Highly Integrated Low-Profile Multilayer Dual-Polarized Phased Array Antenna With Truncated Cavities for First Pulsed Bistatic L-Band Airborne SAR Sensor

A Polarisation-Agile Phased-Array Antenna for Satellite and beyond-5G Communications

Hybrid-fed Enhanced Gain Circularly Polarized Shared Aperture Antenna Array for X/K-band Airborne Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications

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